第六章塑性变形(国外英语资料).docVIP

第六章塑性变形 The sixth chapter is plastic deformation Macroscopic law single crystal plastic change polycrystal plastic change alloy plastic change Microstructure - Mechanical Properties system energy - physicochemical properties Fine grain strengthening - solid solution strengthening - aging strengthening - - phase hardening - working hardening From macroscopic mechanism to microcosmic, from simple to complex, from phenomenological to mechanism - strengthening and toughening mechanism of materials Section 1 stress-strain curve of metal Engineering stress-strain curve 1 noun concepts 1) elastic deformation: can be restored after unloading Plastic deformation: not recoverable after unloading 2) stress: Sigma =P/F0 (force per unit area) Strain = epsilon = (l-l0) /l0 2 stress-strain curve 1) strength: Elastic limit sigma e Yield limit sigma S Conditional yield limit sigma 0.2 Ultimate strength (tensile strength) sigma B 2) plasticity: Elongation: delta = (lk-l0) /l0 Section shrinkage: psi = (F0-Fk) /F0 3) Hookes law Sigma =E* epsilon The elastic modulus of E (Youngs modulus) - elastic modulus shear modulus G The magnitude of the bonding force between atoms in E and G (the physical nature of E and G) Two, true stress true strain curve 1 true strain de=dl/l E=, de=ln (l/l0), =ln (l+ delta) 2 true stress S=P/F=P/F0*F0/F=P/F0*l/l0= sigma (epsilon +1) 3 rheological curve Curve of uniform plastic deformation in true stress true strain curve S=ke^n K - constant N deformation hardening index Three 、 engineering stress strain and true stress true strain Stress: Sigma =P/F0 Strain = epsilon = (l-l0) /l0 True stress S=P/F True strain de=dl/l The plastic deformation of second single crystals I. slippage 1 phenomena Slip - formation - - steps - - - slip lines - large amounts of constituent slip bands Slip is in some particular crystal Surface and crystalline upward A sliding surface - a slip surface - can occur Slip may occur in the crystallographic direction - slip direction - slip