非生物胁迫诱导AOX1基因表达过程中线粒体逆行调控机制的阐明.ppt

Unravelling mitochondrial retrograde regulation in the abiotic stress induction of rice AOX1 genes 非生物胁迫诱导AOX1基因表达过程中线粒体逆行调控机制的阐明 INTRODUCTION Abiotic stress, such as salinity, drought and extreme temperatures, can severely affect crop production . Confronted with environmental stress, plants alter their metabolism to adjust both energy generation and consumption to a new homeostasis. The mitochondrion is the main organelle responsible for respiration and energy production. AOX is involved in the optimization of respiratory metabolism, facilitating（促进 ） the continuous turnover of the tricarboxylic acid cycle as well as the adjustment of the cellular energy status under changing developmental or environmental conditions AOX is preventing the excess generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS) AOX protects plants from photoinhibition by mitigating（减轻 ） the excess reducing equivalents in the photosynthetic electron transport chain A large number of studies using different plant species demonstrate that changes in the abundance of the AOX transcripts lead to different physiological responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, which are predominantly related to the ROS status Most recently, AOX was revealed to directly manipulate（操纵 ） mitochondrial O2-and nitric oxide (NO) level in planta to regulate plant response to environmental conditions. Retrograde regulation refers to the communication signals from the organelles back to the nucleus for the regulation of nuclear gene expression; in contrast, anterograde modulation refers to the communication signals from the nucleus to the organelles. MRR is an important cell regulatory mechanism in the response to developmental and environmental signals. In animals, MRR has been linked closely to various fatal human diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔茨海默病/老年痴呆症)and cancer, and several distinct pathways have been described In this study, we identified two nuclear-encoded stress response AOX1 genes in