杨宝峰药理学7版：第3,4章 09.9.14.ppt

泰 山 医 学 院 药理学教研室 王德才 dcwang@0538-6236803 Chapter 3 Pharmacodynamics Section 1 Drug Basic Action Part 1. Drug Action and Pharmacological effect action and effect basic action: Influence of drug on the inherent function of organism can be considered as the basic action. Drugs don’t create functions but merely stimulate or inhibit the functions already inherent in the cells. excitation and inhibition selectivity and specificity Part 2. therapeutic effect therapeutic action(effect): ①etiological treatment ②symptomatic treatment Part 3. Adverse reaction Dualism: therapeutic action and adverse reaction adverse reaction and drug-induced disease adverse reaction: ① side effect (side reaction) ② toxic reaction: acute toxicity; chronic toxicity; subacute toxicity; teratogenesis; carcinogenesis; mutagenesis ③ residual effect ④withdrawal reaction (rebound reaction) ⑤ allergic reaction: type Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ ⑥ idiocyncrasy Section 2 Dose-effect relationship Structure-effect relationship notes: similar actions ① drugs with similar structures opposite actions quantitative difference ② drugs with stereoisomerism qualitative difference Dose-effect relationship Concepts of dose-effect relationship and dose-effect curve Concepts about several doses ①minimum effective dose (threshold dose) ②minimum toxic dose ③maximum dose ④common used dose graded response and quantal response graded response ①what is graded response? ②dose-effect curve of graded response ③efficacy(maximal effect) ④potency ⑤concentration for 50% of maximal