心脏CT发展史.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * with an modern dual source scanner, however, because when the temporal resolution is substantially improved, one can indeed see the cardiac structures very well, almost throughout the cardiac cycle. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Dual-Source Coronary CT angiogram. Volume rendered image (a) and curved planar reformations (b) obtained in a 89 kg man. Note mild non-calcified coronary plaque with the proximal LAD (a) and a significant stenosis in the circumflex coronary artery (b, and b). Images acquired at 230mA and 100 kVp. DLP: 64 mGy*cm, effective dose: 0.89 mSv. Images courtesy of Dr. Stephan Achenbach, University of Erlangen, Germany * 320-row Coronary CT prospectively gated scan 160mm coverage, in less than a heart beat single gantry rotation 350ms courtesy E. Nguyen, Univ. Toronto, Canada 19岁男性, 冠脉畸形 LAD起于RCA, 间隔支 前瞻触发冠脉CTA 无冗余辐射, 因此 显著降低辐射 - (低至 2-3 mSv) * 更宽探测器 (4-, 8-, 16-, 64-…) 允许更大每圈容积覆盖范围和更短扫描时间 宽探测器和短扫描时间不等同于时间分辨率 ! * Earls (2008) Radiology 246 Scheffel (2008) Heart 94 Stolzmann (2008) Radiology 249 测量射线衰减 ~180° (+扇角) 机架旋转 锥形束球管探测器旋转扫描 (第三代机械CT) CT时间分辨率 = 采集 180 ° 投影数据的时间 ? 1/2 机架旋转时间 单源 多 X光源 扫描时间短 (每幅成像) 时间分辨率高 from: Webb S. From watching of shadows: the origins of radiological tomography. Adam Hilger, Bristol (1990) 三x光源对应三组探测器设计. 该系统只需要旋转120? 即可采集全部 (360?)投影数据. Franke 专利 (1977-79) 14个球管, 半桶状荧光屏, 14台电视摄像机 滑环技术 15 转/分 (4s 机架旋转时间) 240 连续层 0.9mm 层厚 1/60 秒 (~17ms; for 20sec) 机架重量: 13 吨 (Mayo monster) Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor (DSR), Mayo Clinic, 1980 多 X光源 EL Ritman, JH Kinsey, RA Robb, BK Gilbert, LD Harris, EH Wood. Three-Dimensional Imaging of Heart, Lungs, and Circulation. Science, New Series, Vol. 210, No. 4467 (Oct. 17, 1980), pp. 273-280 半圈重建, 需要~180°投影数据 (+扇角) 对于多源CT 时间分辨率如何计算 ? ? 1/4 机架旋转时间, 若用双源 CT时间分辨率 =采集 180 ° 投影数据的时间 时间分辨率 (2009) Gantry ~Temporal Rotation Resolution (ms) (ms) GE Discovery 750HD 350 ~? 175 ms Philips Brilliance iCT 270 ~? 135 ms Siemens Definition 330 ~? 85 ms * Si