家庭式小型风力发电机组的设计.doc

摘要 风能是可再生能源，世界各国越来越重视风能的开发和利用。在风力资源丰富地区，最好选择风机额定设计风速与当地最佳设计风速相吻合的风力发电机。小型风力发电系统的应用在我国己经相当普遍，目前依然有很大的应用前景。本文设计5KW小型风力发电机，采用目前国内外流行的款式以及领先的技术，可以达到高的“性价比”，具有一定的市场竞争力。 本设计采用三叶片的水平轴机构形式，叶片采用高强度、低重量流行的玻璃钢材料，有防腐、防酸雨、防盐碱的特性。风力发电机选用钕铁硼永磁发电机，超载能力强，电机的体积小，重量轻且发电效率高。偏航方式采用尾翼自动风向调节，超强风控制功能，提高接受风能的效率。限速方式采用自动偏侧限速，对发电机有保护作用。充电方式采用智能充电控制。塔架形式采用拉索钢管形式，结构简单且稳定，占地面积少，对土地要求低，在山丘、海边、河堤、荒漠等地形恶劣的条件下均可运用。 本文设计的5KW小型风力发电机组拥有稳定的使用可靠性。在叶片的材料、发电机选用的永磁材料和防水、防锈性都具有先进的技术，整套机组安装，使用简单，维护方便，达到了设计的目的。 关键词 风力发电；永磁；玻璃钢 Abstract Wind energy is renewable energy. The world is increasingly paying attention to the development and utilization of wind energy. In areas where there are abundant wind resources, it’s the best way to choose wind operators whose rating wind speed fits closely with the best local wind speed. Small wind generators are widely applied in China. However, there’s still a bright future for them. This paper describes the design of a 5 KW small wind generator, which with the adoption of the current advanced domestic and international style and technology can achieve a high “cost-effectiveness” and has a certain extent of market competitiveness. The design adopts the three-blade horizontal axis form, and the blades are made with high-strength, low-weight popular GRP, thus it has the characteristics of anti-sepsis, anti- acid rain and anti- salinity. Wind generators employ Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet generator, which has large overloading capacity and a small, light and efficient motor. Yaw adopts automatic tail wind regulation, in this way it can manipulate the wind freely and enhance the efficiency in receiving the wind. Automatic unilateral speed limiting is used to protect the generator. As for the charging mode, here the design uses the smart charger control. And the tower employs guy cable steel tube, with relative small floor space, low demand for land, feasibility on hills, by the sea shores and river banks, and on the deserts. This 5KW small wind generator described in this paper is