用GPS高程替代精密水准进行库盘垂直位移观测方法的研究.pdfVIP

The research of using GPS Height instead of precision level to survey the base plate of the reservoir displacement A Dissertation Submitted for the Degree of Master Candidate：Chen Feng Supervisor：Prof. Luan Weidong Chang’an University, Xi’an, China I 摘 要 为监测黄河龙羊峡水电站坝体与坝址区垂直位移，库区以及坝址下游区的库盘 垂直形变，按设计要求分别布置了长度约15km、9km、25km 一等精密水准路线，构成 垂直位移监测系统。 从观测设计角度评价，该网存在以下需解决的问题：野外观测工作量大；技术要 求高；端点处精度差；观测频率低。与精密水准相比，应用GPS 技术进行库盘垂直形 变监测，精度完全能达到精密水准要求且能满足国标相关规范要求，同时具备省时、 省力、省钱等优点。 为此，在2007 年龙羊峡水电站大坝安全定检专家会议报告中要求：研究使用GPS 高程替代精密水准进行库盘垂直位移观测的可行性及针对龙羊峡库区的网形设计 。 以克服目前使用的精密水准观测系统缺陷，为大坝安全分析提供可靠的数据。 本文采用理论与实践相结合的研究方法。通过现场调查、优化设计、观测验证最 终对龙羊峡水电站坝址区垂直位移及坝址下游区的库盘垂直形变实施 GPS 监测形成 统一的设计方案，完成龙羊峡水电站精密水准观测优化设计和实测验证。 关键词：垂直位移监测系统，精密水准，实测验证 II Abstract To survey the vertical displacement between the dam site area and dam body of Huang he Long yang xia hydropower station, the vertical deformation between reservoir area and lower steam of dam site, the design assigned precision leveling line with the length of 15km, 9km, 25km, in which constitute the survey system of vertical displacement. The original survey system has the following problem which needs to be figured out from the aspect of Observation Scheme: Large amount of filed observation, the high requirement of the technique, the low precision in vertex and low and observed frequency is low. Compared to the precision level, the usage of GPS to measure the vertical. Precision can reach the precision level requirements and can meet the requirement of related standard GB,deformation of base p