GPS地震监测短期數據计算之强化（I）.PDFVIP

GPS地震監測短期數據計算之強化 (I) The Augmentation of Short Term GPS Data Processing on Earthquake Monitoring (I) 何慶雄 1 王亭介 1 洪煌凱 2 1國立成功大學航太系 2國立成功大學衛星資訊中心 蔡俊雄 林冠全 中央氣象局地震測報中心 摘 要 本計畫之總體目的，在協助中央氣象局，強化 GPS 地震監測短期數據計算， 並針對短期地表變動現象，採取不同的短期數據處理策略，本年度研究目標在建 立 GPS 虛擬參考站 (Virtual Reference Station; VRS)技術，包括估算多主站修正量， 計算虛擬參考站觀測量，以及運用此觀測量於動態定位 KGPS (Kinematic GPS) 以 偵測瞬間移位。本研究已完成初步 VRS資料處理技術，且應用於三個地震個案， 初步結果顯示， VRS 技術可偵測公分級暫時性位移。 The overall purpose of this project is to assist the Central Weather Bureau (CWB) in strengthening its processing capability of short term GPS data during earthquakes. In addition, the short term surface motion due to earthquakes will be investigated. As a result, different data processing strategies will be studied. The main target of first year study is to establish the capability of GPS Virtual Reference Station (VRS) technique. It includes the estimation of correction data from multiple master stations, the observation computation of assigned virtual reference site, and the application of derived observables to the kinematic GPS (KGPS) to obtain epoch-by-epoch solutions that are capable of reflecting transient displacement. The preliminary data processing procedures of VRS technique has been established in this study. Three earthquake cases have been investigated. The results show that the applied method is capable of detecting centimeter-level transient displacements. 壹、前 言 運用動態定位 (Kinematic GPS; KGPS)技術，進行歷時(epoch) 短基線 (二十公 里以下 )GPS資料定位解算，已經可以偵測因地震而導致的地表平面移位，解算精 267 度可達二公分。從以往結果 [Ho, etl., 2004; 何慶雄等 , 2006 ; 何慶雄等 , 2007]可發 現一般地震瞬間移位，時間非常短 (約二十分鐘內) ，其移位現象可區分