几个汉语典型语言现象的范畴语法分析.PDFVIP

几个汉语典型语言现象的范畴语法分析* 姚旭晨 马建强 格罗宁根大学语言与认知研究中心 格罗宁根，荷兰 E-mail: {yaoxuchen, majianchiang}@ 摘 要：范畴语法 （Categorial Grammar）的词汇化的本质和其语法、语义紧密相连的特点使之成为计算语言 学的重要基础之一。本文尝试用范畴语法的理论分析了一些典型汉语语言现象，如“把”字句、“被”字句、 动态助词“了”、结构助词“的”“地”“得”和形容词动词化。作者提出，在分析汉语典型语法现象的范畴语 法时，应采用“左结合”（逆向结合），而非像英语中采用“右结合”（顺向结合）的偏好。在做上述分析时， 作者利用了一个基于推理规则的范畴语法学习算法帮助和验证分析并保证分析结果的一致性。 关键词：范畴语法，推理规则，汉语语法 A Categorial Grammar Analysis of Some Typical Chinese Language Phenomena Xuchen Yao Jianqiang Ma Center for Language and Cognition Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands E-mail: {yaoxuchen, majianchiang}@ Abstract: Categorial Grammar (CG) is a lexicalized grammar formalism with a high level of transparency between syntax and semantics, which makes it an attractive formalism for computational linguistics. This paper proposes a categrorial grammar analysis of some typical Chinese language phenomena, such as BA construction, BEI construction, aspect marker LE, structural particles and the verbalization of adjectives. Rather than a preference of the right-combining rule, the left-combining rule is proposed in the analysis of these typical phenomena. This is a difference between Chinese and English categorial grammar. The authors adopt an inference-rule based categorial grammar learning algorithm to assist and validate the analysis and the result shows this algorithm is capable of analyzing the typical Chinese grammar phenomena mentioned above. Keywords: categorial grammar, inference rule, Chinese grammar 1 引文 范畴语法 （Categorial Grammar [1] [2] [5] ）作为一种语法词汇主义的典型，其词汇化的本质和 语法、语义紧密相连的特点使之在国际计算语言学界受到重视。虽然早在 1975 年我国就出现了 对范畴语法的介绍[9] ，但未引起广泛关注，而近年来词汇主义的盛行使我国一些计算语言学学 者又开始关注范畴语法，比如孙红举[10] 讨论了其在计算语言学