稀有金属材料与工程2011模版 - 有色金属（冶炼部分）.docVIP

水浴加热PVP还原制备花朵状纳米银 任焕章，宋永辉，周家霆 (西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院，陕西省黄金与资源重点，西安 710055) 摘要以PVP作还原剂，在常规水浴加热的条件下，通过对反应温度、反应时间、PVP/AgNO3摩尔比、和搅拌速度对纳米银粉的考察，成功制备出了花朵状的纳米粒子。研究表明，在温度80 ℃、PVPAgNO3摩尔比51的条件下反应24 h，可制备出分布均匀厚度2060 nm的花朵状纳米。反应温度是影响纳米形貌与结构的关键因素，随着反应温度的升高，生成的纳米的尺寸明显增大，逐渐由规则的球状向片状结构过渡。纳米表面覆盖的PVP分子在一定程度上诱导晶体的定向长大，导致纳米沿着各个方向上生长的速率不同，最终形成清晰的花朵状结构。 关键花朵状；纳米银；水浴加热；温度TB383 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007-7545（2017）04-0000-00 Preparation of Flower-Like Silver Nanoparticles by PVP Reduction with Water Bath Heating REN Huan-zhanga,b, SONG Yong-huia,b, ZHOU Jia-tinga,b （a. School of Metallurgical Engineering, b. Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gold and Resources, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China） Abstract：Flower-like silver nanoparticles were prepared with PVP as reductant under conventional heating conditions after investigation on the effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, molar ratio of PVP/AgNO3, and stirring speed on silver nanoparticles. The results show that flower-like nano silver particles with uniform distribution and thickness of about 20~60 nm can be prepared under the conditions including temperature of 80 ℃, PVP/AgNO3 molar ratio of 5︰1, and reaction time of 24 h. Temperature is the key factor affecting morphology and structure of silver nanoparticles. Size of silver nanoparticles rises upon increase of reaction temperature, and its morphology gradually transforms from regular spherical to lamellar structure. PVP molecules covering on surface of silver nanoparticles induce a directional growth of crystals to some extent, leading to different growth rate of silver nanoparticles along all directions, and a clear flower-like structure finally comes into shape. Key words：flower-like; silver nanoparticles; water bath heating; temperature 纳米银粉由于具有很高的表面活性和催化性能，在得到了广泛的应用。目前，制备纳米银的方法有种：一是气相法，投资大、产率低，很少使用；是固相法，这种方法制备的纳米银粒径较大而且分布不均匀；三是液相法，常用制备小批量纳米银。液相化学还原法制备纳米银粉也已经发展出了各种不同的工艺和方法[1]。不同结构的纳米银粉因其形貌、尺寸的不同在应用上也有所不同，具有很高的比表面积和表面催化活性的纳米银粉广泛用催化材料、导电浆材料等。 纳米银粉的形貌和结