地理信息系统小论文——GPS与物理的关系(国外英语资料).doc

地理信息系统小论文——GPS与物理的关系(国外英语资料) The relationship between GPS and physics What is GPS? 1, the full name of the GPS GPS is also known as the Navigation Satellite Time and radar/Global Positioning System. It is obvious that GPS is depend on the earth satellites on the surface of a variety of scanning, data collection, and then feedback to the ground, and to provide us with a variety of information to help. 2, the components of the GPS Part a and space GPS space part is composed of 24 work satellite [1], it is located in over 20, 200 km from the surface, uniform distribution on the six orbit each orbit plane (4), orbital tilt Angle is 55 °. In addition, there are four active backup satellites in orbit. The satellites distribution makes it possible to observe more than four satellites in any part of the world, at any time, and to maintain a geometric image of the accuracy of the solution. This provides a continuous global navigation capability in time. B, the ground control section The ground control consists of a main control station, five global monitoring stations and three ground control stations. The stations are equipped with sophisticated cesium clocks and the ability to continuously measure all visible satellites. The monitoring station will obtain satellite GPS data, including the ionosphere and meteorological data, and, after initial processing, transfer to the main control station. The main control station collects tracking data from the monitoring stations, calculates the satellites orbit and clock parameters, and then sends the results to three ground control stations. The ground control station will inject these navigation data and master station instructions into the satellite when each satellite is running overhead. This injection is a final injection of every GPS satellite once a day, before the satellite leaves the injection site. If a ground station fails, the pre-stored navigation information in the satellite is available for a while, but the navigation