工程材料及其成形技术基础(国外英语资料).docVIP

工程材料及其成形技术基础(国外英语资料) Chapter i. structure and performance of engineering materials 1-1 illustrate the difference and connection between metal bonds, ionic bonds and covalent bonds. Answer: the difference between: (1). The metallic bond is the electrostatic attraction effect between metal ions and free electrons, forming metal a way of combination of the whole, its role has [1]. The metal shows good electrical conductivity; [2]. [3]. The metal has a positive resistance temperature coefficient; [4]. The metal is a good plasticity. [5]. The luster of the metal. (2). The ionic bond: when electropositive metals atomic contact with electronegative non-metal atoms, which lost the outermost electrons become positive ions, which received electronic into negative ions, positive and negative ions due to electrostatic forces together into a compound, this is called ionic bonding interaction. Ionic bond strong bonding force, therefore, the ionic compound melting point, boiling point, high hardness, thermal expansion coefficient is small. (3). Covalent bond: when two of the same or two different kinds of atoms interaction, between atoms to form public valence electrons to combine, this way of combination is called a covalent bond. Covalent bond is very strong, covalent crystal with high melting point, hardness, and is not a conductor. Contact: the ionic bond and covalent bond strength strongest, metallic bonding, in fact, only a combination of key material does not see more, most materials often is a mixture of several key combination, and given priority to with a combination of keys. What is the difference between 1-4 single crystal and polycrystal? Why is it that single crystals have anisotropy, and polycrystals have no anisotropy? Answer: difference: crystal orientation identical crystal called crystal, in a single crystal, all cell to present the same, so the single crystal is anisotropic. The crystal structure of polycrystalline grains is called polycrystalline. Reason: in t