第四章第二节词义的具体化、概括化和褒贬色彩.docVIP

第二节 词义的具体化、概括化和褒贬色彩 一、词义的具体化 1. The Great Wall is a must for most foreign visitors to Beijing. 长城是任何一个外国游客必不可少的参观游览项目。 2. Two years’ working is a must to the people who want to take up graduated examination. 对于要参加研究生考试的人来说，两年的工龄是必备条件。 3. But I suspected that if I tried to release the wolf, she would turn aggressive and try to tear me to pieces. 可是我想，要是我去放这只狼，她会凶狠地扑过来，要把我撕成碎片。 4. On the other hand, the move undoubtedly convinced Hitler that we intended to push the Italian campaign as a major operation. 另一方面，这次行动无疑地使希特勒深信我们打算把意大利战役作为一场大仗来打。 5. “Well I wonder what you will be tomorrow, Colonel, after the President signs the bill?” 哎呀，上校，我不知道明天总统签署了这个议案以后，人家又会给您加上个什么头衔呢？ 二、词义的概括化 1. China has been the tabernacle of justice. 中国一直是正义的化身和象征。 2. It was considerable occasion for him at the meeting. He was riding high. 直译：他在会议上洋洋自得，出尽了风头。（嘲讽的意味） 抽象化引申为：他成了会上的风云人物。 3. Then this girl gets killed, because she’s always speeding. 今后这姑娘会断送性命的，因为她总是违反交通规则。 4. If you dare to play the fox with me, I’ll shoot you at once. 你要是敢和我耍滑头，我马上毙了你。 5. George likes to work with his hand; when it comes to books, he’s a square peg in a round hole. 乔治喜欢干手工活，对念书可是格格不入。 6. The matter was finally settled under the table. 事情终天私下解决了。 7. He earns scarcely enough to keep body and soul together. 他挣的钱几乎难以维持生活。 三、词义的褒贬色彩 1. Mr. Brown felt greatly flattered when he received the invitation to deliver a lecture. 布朗先生接到作演讲的邀请时，感到非常荣幸。（褒义） Hans was too obviously flattering the gentleman by saying he was the most courageous man he had ever seen. 汉斯说，这位先生是他所见到过的最有胆识的人，这种阿谀奉承未免过于露骨。（贬义） You’re flattering me by saying that. 你那么说，就过奖了。（中性） 2. This is our scheme for the term’s work. 这是我们这学期的工作计划。（褒义） The enemy’s scheme went bankrupt. 敌人的阴谋破产了。（贬义） 3. She knows Peter to be industrious and clever. 她知道彼得既勤奋又聪明。（褒义） He is too clever for us. 他太狡猾了。（贬义） 4. He is very much interested in politics. 他对政治很有兴趣。（褒义） Mary always gets what she wants by playing office politics. 玛丽总是靠耍手腕来达到她的目的。（贬义） 5. Many famous people are surprising