英文中冠词的用法.docVIP

英文中的冠词 英文中冠词共两类：定冠词“the”和不定冠词“a”/“an”，共三个。 不定冠词的用法： 用a还是an取决于后面单词的读音而非拼写。a用于辅音开头的单词前，an 用于元音（a/e/i/o/u）开头的单词前。如：a girl, an orange, a university, an SOS, a useful book, an honest man, a one-hour trip, an hour等。 不定冠词a/an与数词one同源，可理解为汉语的“一”，但不强调数目概念。不定冠词表示泛指，只能用于单数可数名词之前，泛指某一类人或物中的“任何一个”。如： His father is an English teacher./ James married a doctor./He worked as a taxi-driver./ I met an old friend of mine on my way here. 注意：以下情况要用one 而不用a/an： 句子后面有another或other(s)相呼应时，如：They went from one shop to another./One girl wanted to go out,but the others wanted to stay at home. 在一些习惯用语或搭配中，如one day, one morning, one afternoon, one evening, one night（表过去或将来），only one, just one等。如： One day I’ll take you to meet my family./He went out with Arthur to the University of California one Thursday afternoon./We’ve got plenty of sausages, but only one egg./There’s just one thing to be done. C. 用在具体数字前。如： How many are there? - Exactly one hundred and three. 与时间或度量衡等名词连用，表示 “每一”。如： Take the medicine three times a day. 如果特别强调“每一个”，可用per代替a/an。如：$ 10 a/per person。 用在称呼（Mr., Mrs., Miss等）或具体人名前，含有“我不认识的某某人”的意思。如： A Mr. Wang phoned and left a message for you. A Jimmy is waiting for you downstairs. 定冠词的用法 定冠词the与指示代词this, that, these, those同源，但指示概念较弱。定冠词表示特指，用于被短语或从句所限定的特指名词之前。如： Tom sat down on the chair nearest the door./The woman whom you met at the meeting is my sister’s colleague. 用于因再次提及而成为特指的名词前。如： I bought a radio and a CD player, but the CD player did not work. 在谈话双方都知道所指是什么时。如： Can you turn off the light, please? 用于单数可数名词前，表示整个类属（一类人或物）。如： The tiger is in danger of dying out./We should care the disabled. 用在序数词和形容词最高级之前。如： Our flat is on the second floor of the building./Could you tell me the shortest way to the railway station? （表示日期时，书写序数词前可不写the，如：I’ll see you on May 26th.（口语中要读成：May the 26th.） 用于表示时间顺序的名词前。如：the beginning, the middle, the end, the first/last, the next, the following day, the present, the past, the future。 用于same前，如：We are o