核子医学与辐射剂量评估.PDF

核子醫學與輻射劑量評估 馬偕紀念醫院 核子醫學科 技術主任 杜高瑩 摘要  核子醫學簡介 體內劑量評估 關鍵群體的劑量評估 結論 核子醫學簡介 History  1895 : William K. Roentgen discovered X-rays. 1901~1930: intensifying screen, tomography, and the rotating anode tube. ~1970: nuclear medicine .ultrasound, CT, ~ 1980: PET, MRI, Microwave. ~future: multi-modality image system, PACS Camera principle X-ray basic principle EM wave application list What is Nuclear medicine? Nuclear medicine  Functional image study  Emission detection  Radionuclide and Pharmaceutical  Short half life, low radiation 核醫診斷常用之同位素 99Mo-99mTc Generator 放射平衡(放射性母核的衰變與子核的成長 ) λ N λ λ 2 2 1A 2 −(λ −λ )t 2 1 * (1−e ) N − λ λ λ λ 1 1 1 2 1 伽傌閃爍造影機 Gamma Camera PMT (光電倍增管) Gamma camera detector Image application  Image mathematics  Background subtraction  Normalization  Region of interest information  Curve generation  Manipulation  Simple calculations with value obtained from these proceeding operation Nuclear medicine image - bone TL201 Myocardial perfusion study Myocardial function study Positron Emission Tomography  Nuclear medicine : radiotracer/isotope  Gamma ray - gamma camera - radionuclide images  Activity/count  Emission computed tomography(ECT)  SPECT  PET  Single photon radionuclide : Tc99m, Tl201,I131,Ga67  Positron emitter: C-11, F-18,N-13,O-15  PET : measuring biochemical and physiologic function  MRI: hydrogen, limited information in the evaluation of metabolic even