HydraulicEngineering》杂志刊登通过已破坏土坝洪峰.docVIP

《Journal of Hydraulic Engineering》杂志刊登“通过已破坏土坝的洪峰流量公式研究” 作 者：Gianluca De Lorenzo, Francesco Macchione 刊 物：《Journal of Hydraulic Engineering》，2014年1月，140卷第1期，56-67页 关键词：大坝；大堤；大坝破坏；溃坝；洪水；土堤；突发洪水；洪峰 摘 要：过去几年已经提出了很多预测洪峰流量的物理模型，但对于预测洪峰流量经验公式的研究仍然很热门。在可接受粗略计算的情况下，简单的经验公式对于技术是非常有用的。本文介绍了用于评估因土坝逐渐破坏所产生的洪水过程线的洪峰流量的新方程。该方程是利用物理的数值模型得到洪峰流量，然后采用回归分析的方法得到的。本方法考虑了一些在最佳拟合方程中经常被忽略且对洪峰流量影响很大的参数。同时本方程考虑了大坝侵蚀的敏感性，水库的形状，管涌导致溃坝后水库的填充速率。随后将该方程应用于一些大坝破坏实例，通过与数值模型以及其它回归关系的对比说明了其使用过程。最后，通过敏感性分析评估了参数对方程计算结果的影响，这些参数包括了当前假定为定值的坝顶宽度或坝肩坡度。 Formulas for the Peak Discharge from Breached Earthfill Dams Authors: Gianluca De Lorenzo, Francesco Macchione Journal: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, Volume 140, Issue 1 (January 2014), 56–67 Key words: Dams; Embankment; Dam breach; Dam failures; Flood; Earthfill; Flash floods; Peak flow Abstract: Although advanced physically based models have been presented in the last years, there is still much interest in equations for predicting the peak discharge. Indeed, simple relations are very useful for technical purposes, especially when rough calculations are acceptable. This paper presents new equations for assessing the peak discharge of the flood hydrograph caused by the gradual erosion of earth dams. The equations are obtained by a regression analysis carried out on the peak discharges provided by a physically based numerical model. The approach proposed in this paper has the advantage of taking into account some parameters usually neglected by common best-fit equations that have strong influence on the peak discharge. In particular, the equations discussed in this paper take into account the susceptibility to erosion of the dam, the shape of the reservoir, and the ratio of filling of the reservoir for failures caused by piping. The usefulness of the equations is shown through a comparison with the numerical model and with other regression relations by applying them to some real dam-breaching events. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is made in order to