文体学概论.pptVIP

Stylistics 文体学导论 What is “Style”? A general manner of doing something that is typical or representative of a person, or a group, or a time of history etc. 风格是指：某人/某事物/时代等表现出来的一种特有的总体特征。是外在的表现形式。 外在特征总能产生特定的效果。 What is style?风格是事物外在特有的表现形式和内在效果的统一。 文体: 语言表达形式 Style is the particular choice of words or manner of expression typical of a writer or speaker. 文：作家作品 体：特有的语言表达形式 文体：某作家或说话人特有的语言表达形式。 文体是外在的语言表达形式和内在效果的统一体. 文体和效果 His father passed away. His father kicked up his toes. His father quit this world. His father took his last sleep. 文体和语境 语境：语言环境 大语境：时代背景、个人背景 小语境：语篇环境 1.作品表达的对象。 2.场合 3.内容 4.信息传递的方式 5. 目的 文体 Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know that he doth not. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtitle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. ---------- Bacon’s “Of Study” 文体分析培根的论读书 文体特征: 词汇: 古语, 拉丁文短语 Maketh, doth Abeunt studia 修辞格: 省略, 排比 Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 句子结构:简单句 文体效果: 古雅 严谨,简明 What is “Stylistics”? Stylistics is a study of writing (spoken) styles of a writer or a speaker. 文体学： 研究语篇的语言特点及表达形式的学科。 文学文体学：研究文学作品的语言形式，以及通过分析语言特征揭示作品反应的意义和情感。 文体即形式：恰当的语言表达形式 1. 文体是语言表达形式，是形式和内容的统一体，外在语言特征和内在意义的统一体。（style is form） 2. 在恰当的地方使用恰当的词 （ Proper words in proper places ） 文体即修辞 His father passed away. His father kicked up his toes. His father quit this world. His father took his last sleep. 文体即选择(word choice) Style as the choice between alternative expressions ：词语选择和搭配的差异。 “春风又绿江南岸”—王安石 《泊船瓜洲》 Blinded alike from sunshine and from rain As though a rose should close and be a bud again. Blinded alike from sunshine and from rain As though a rose shou