TheSubjunctiveMood虚拟语气.ppt

The Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气 1.使用虚拟语气的情形 A.假设的与事实相反；实现的可能性很小。 B.表示一种请求，建议，命令或祝愿。 注意：虚拟语气是对谓语动词形式的考察 2.具体用法 A.用在条件状语从句中 从句 主句 与现在事实相反 一般过去式 was / were would / should / could / might +V (原形) 与过去事实相反 过去完成式 would / should / could / might + have +p.p 将来实现的可能性很小 should + v; were + to v / 一般过去式 would / should / could / might +v(原形) 错综时间（从句所表达的时间与主句表达的时间不一致，进行适当的调整） 其模式为从句 从句 主句 主句 从句 If I were a bird, I could fly in the sky.(现在) If you had come yesterday, you would have seen your father.(过去) If it should rain / were to rain / rained, all the crops could be saved.(将来) If you had gone to the doctors yesterday, you would be much better now.(错综时间) 注意： 如果条件状语从句中含有 had, should, were 可用它代替从属连词if Were I a bird, I could fly in the sky. Had you come yesterday, you would have seen your father. Should it rain / Were it to rain, all the crops could be saved. Had you gone to the doctor’s yesterday, you would be much better now. 可用单词或短语表示一个条件状语从句 Without your help, I couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. But for your help, I couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. If it had not been for your help, I couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. Had it not been for your help, I couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. I had no money then, otherwise I could have bought the jacket. B.用在宾语从句中 (1).wish + that-clause 宾语从句中谓语动词形式为 How I wish it were not so hot now. How she wishes he had been able to answer the question in the last class. We wish that you could come tomorrow. 一般过去式（现在） 过去完成式（过去） would / could + v(将来） (2). would rather + that-clause 宾语从句中谓语动词形式为一般过去式（现在或将来）、过去完成式（过去） would rather… than… would rather … than … 表示“宁愿…而不愿…”.在这个结构中， would rather 后面的部分应与 than 后面的部分在词性和结构上保持一致。如： I’d rather have the red one than (have) the black one. 我宁愿要红色的，而不愿要黑色的。 He would rather play than work. 他宁愿死，而不愿工作。 【知识拓展】 would rather 可单独使用，常构成： 1). would rather do … 2). would rather have done… (宁愿过去