cellulose the structure slowly unravels 中英对照版本.pdfVIP

Cellulose:thestructureslowly unravels 纤维素：结构之迷渐次揭开 ANTOINETTEC.OSULLIVAN Department of Chemistry and School of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, University ofWales, Bangor,Gwynedd,LL572UW,UK Received 13May 1996;accepted forpublication 3December 1996 ANTOINETTEC.OSULLIVAN 威尔士大学农林科学学院化学系 Bangor,Gwynedd，LL572UW，英国 1996 5 13 1996 12 3 接收： 年 月 日；出版： 年 月 日 Abstract This article attempts to bring together basic and complex information which has been gathered on cellulose structure, principally that of native cellulose, over the last few decades. Even though advances have been made in the field of crystallography, powder crystallography cannot yield a definitive cellulose structure and single crystal diffraction is not possible due to the lack of suitable crystals. Knowledge obtained on the biosynthesis of native cellulose and on the polymorphy of cellulose and its derivatives help our understanding of ultrastructure. Many inconsistencies between early crystallographic studies of native cellulose have been clarified by the discovery that two polymorphs ( ɑ and β) of cellulose I exist. Models of the possible ultrastructural arrangements within native cellulose have been put forward over the decades; with advancement in technology, computer simulations of small and large systems are being created to test the viability of these ultrastructural models. It is hoped that this review will aid in the understanding of the complexity and uncertaintiesthat still exist in this subject. KEYWORDS: structure,computer,model,polymorphy. 1 摘 要 本文旨在汇集，在过去的几十年里，就纤维素结构所聚集的基本和复 杂的信息，主要是天然纤维素。虽然我们在已经在晶体学领域取得了长足进步， 但是粉末晶体不能得到明确的纤维素结构，由于缺乏合适的晶体，单晶衍射也不 能得到明确的纤维素结构。在天然纤维素生物合成、纤维素的多晶型物及其衍生 物上获得的知识将有助于我们对超微结构的理解。由于发现纤维素I 两种多晶型 物 （ɑ和β）的存在,早期的天然纤维素晶体学研究存在的诸多矛盾得以澄清。在 过去几十年，提出了天然纤维素超微结构排列有可能的模型；随着技术的进