增塑时间对玉米淀粉塑化程度和TPS性能的影响.pdfVIP

· 104 · 材料导报B：研究篇 2013年 5月(下)第27卷第 5期 增塑时间对玉米淀粉塑化程度和 TPS性能的影响 左迎峰，顾继友 ，谭海彦，谢永华，张彦华 (东北林业大学生物质材料科学与技术教育部重点实验室，哈尔滨 150040) 摘要 以玉米淀粉为原料 ，用甘油对其进行塑化处理，通过单螺杆挤 出机制备了热塑性淀粉 (TPS)，探讨了增 塑时间对淀粉塑化程度和 TPS性能的影响规律 。采用差示扫描量热仪 (DSC)、扫描 电镜 (SEM)、X射线衍射仪 (xRD)和热重分析(TGA)对TPS进行了表征，并测定了其拉伸性能和吸水率。SEM、XRD和DSC结果都表明，随着 增塑时间延长，玉米淀粉的塑化程度增大。TGA结果表明，淀粉的塑化程度增大，TPS的热稳定性则减小。TPS的 力学性能和吸水率也与淀粉的塑化程度相关，随着塑化程度增大，抗拉强度降低，断裂伸长率增大，吸水率增大。 关键词 玉米淀粉 增塑时间 塑化程度 性能 中图分类号：TQ321 文献标识码：A EffectofPlasticizingTimeonPlasticizingDegreeofCorn StarchandPropertiesofTPS ZUOYingfeng，GU Jiyou，TAN Haiyan，XIEYonghua，ZHANGYanhua (KeyLaboratoryofBio—basedMaterialScienceandTechnology，MinistryofEducation， NortheastForestryUniversity，Harbin150040) Abstract Thermoplasticstarch (TPS)waspreparedwithglycerolasplasticsprocessingforcornstarch．The influencerulesofplasticizingtimeonplasticizingdegreeofcornstarchandpropertiesofTPSwerestudied．Differential scanningcalorimeter(DSC)，scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)，X-raydiffraction (XRD)andthermogravimetric analysis(TGA)wereusedforthecharacterizationofTPS．Thetensilepropertiesandwaterabsorptionwerealsode— temr ined．SEM ，XRD andDSC resultsshow thattheplasticizingdegreeofcornstarchwasincreasedwiththeplastici— zingtimeprolonged．AccordingtotheresultsofTGA，thethermalstabilityofTPSwasdecreasedwithincreasingof starchplasticizingdegree．ThemechanicalpropertiesandwaterabsorptionrateoftheTPSwerealsoratedtotheplas- ticizingdegreeofstarch．Alongwiththeplasticizingdegreeincreased，tensilestrengthwasdecreased，butelongation atbreakandwaterabsorptionratewereincreased． Keywords cornstarch，plasticizingtime，plasticizingdegree，properties