利用相关有效场理论对圆柱形纳米管内能和比热研究.doc

利用相关有效场理论对圆柱形纳米管内能和比热的研究 摘 要 随着科技的日益发展，纳米材料由于其构成基本单元的尺寸以及其特殊的结构展现出和其他普通材料所不具备的物理化学特性，所以纳米材料的发展及其物理特性的研究已日益成为各国高科技竞争的焦点。纳米材料是二十世纪八十年代发展起来的先进材料，被美国材料科学协会誉为“21世纪最有前途的材料”，因此发达国家都着重研究纳米材料的特性。 本文通过相关有效场理论，建立圆柱形磁性纳米管模型，在晶场和横场共同作用的条件下对圆柱形纳米管的内能和比热进行了详细的研究。通过编写公式，利用Matlab编写程序，详细讨论了晶场、横场以及交换作用参数大小对内能比热的影响。 在一定的参数条件下，内能随温度的升高而不断增加，当达到相变温度时，内能曲线出现拐点，而后内能随温度的变化近似于线性增加，且增幅减小。同时，对于不同的晶场、横场、或者交换作用参数，相变温度也不相同。 在一定参数条件下，比热随温度的升高而逐渐增加，且在相变温度处取到峰值，之后随着温度的增加比热急剧减小，达到一定温度后，比热随着温度的增加而线性减小。 关键字：内能；比热；相变温度；相关有效场理论 Abstract With the development of science and technology,nanometer materials show their difference from other common materials on physical and chemical characteristics because of their measurement and special structure,therefore the development of nanometer materials and the study of physical characteristics have became the focus of high-tech compete between various countries. Nanometer materials are the advanced materials developed in 1908s named “the most promising materials in twenty one century ”by The American association of material science,so developed countries struggle to study the characteristic of nanometer materials. This article bulids cylindrical magnetism nanotube through effective-field theory with correlation,then makes detailed study to the internal energy and specific heat of nanotube in the condition of transverse field and crystal field. Through writing formula and Matlab procedure,the article discusses the result that transverse field ,crystal field and exchange interaction influence on the internal energy and specific heat. In the condition of settled parameter,the internal energy increases with temperature increasing.When reaching transition temperature,inflection point appears in internal energy curve，and then the internal energy transformation is similar to linear increase,but amplification decreases.At the same time,for different transverse field ,crystal field and exchange interaction, different transition temperature would appear. In the condition of