第二章 英汉句式结构对比.ppt

形合和意合在英汉语中的体现 What is equally questionable is whether a college degree ,as such, is proper evidence that those new skills that are truly needed will be delivered. It seems as if a great deal were attainable in a world where there are so may marriages and decisive battles, and where we all, at certain hours of the day, and with great gusto and dispatch, stow a portion of victuals finally and irretrievably into the bag which contains us. 车未停稳，切勿上下。 让世界了解中国， 让中国走向世界。 江苏省位于中国东部美丽富饶的长江三角洲，面积10万多平方公里，人口6700多万， 自然条件优越，人文荟萃，经济繁荣，文化发达，出版事业源远流长，久负盛名，是中国的出版大省。 英语 汉语 形合 意合 转换，省略，增译和调整语序，结构重组 例1：All was cleared up some time later when news came from a distant place that an earthquake was felt the very day the little copper ball fell. 译文： 过了一些时候，从远方传来了消息：在小铜球坠落的 当天，确实发生了地震。这一切终于得到了澄清。 例2： If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 译文： 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？ 例3：No， no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream. 译文：不，不，我们没有满足，我们也不会满足，直到公平如 大水滚滚，公义如江河滔滔。 形合向意合的转换 例4：Extracting pure water from salt solution can be done in a number of ways. One is done by distillation, which involves the solution until the water evaporates, and then condensing the vapor. Extracting can also be done by partially freezing the salt solution. When this is done, the water freezes first, leaving the salts in the remaining unfrozen solution. 译文： 从盐水中提取纯水有若干种方法。一种是蒸馏法，另一种是局部冷冻法。前者是将盐水加热，使水分蒸发，然后再蒸汽冷凝成水。后者是使盐水部分冷冻，这时先行冷冻的是水，盐则留在未曾冷冻的液体中。 被动语态结构 非限制性定语从句 状语从句 译文大胆变通，先综述，后分述，层次清楚，意思明了 例 5：The gloomy little study, with windows of stained glass to exclude the view, was full of dark green velvet and heavily-carved mahogany- a suit of which old Jolyon was wont to say: “ Shouldn’t wonder if it made a big price some day!” （John Galsworthy：The Forsyte Saga） 译文： 这是一间阴暗的小书房， 书房窗子镶的全是染色玻璃， 挡住窗外的景色； 房内全是桃花心木的家具，上面满是雕花， 背垫和坐垫都是一色深绿的丝绒。老乔里恩时常提起这套家具：“哪一天不卖上大价钱才怪呢？”（高尔斯华绥:《福尔赛世家》，周熙良译） 1 2 3 4 5 意合向形合转换 例1：他不来，我不去。 译文：