硬质合金沉淀在奥氏体不锈钢渗碳.pdfVIP

Acta Materialia 55 (2007) 1895–1906 Carbide precipitation in austenitic stainless steel carburized at low temperature F. Ernst *, Y. Cao 1, G.M. Michal, A.H. Heuer Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7204, USA Received 16 August 2006; received in revised form 14 September 2006; accepted 14 September 2006 Available online 12 January 2007 Abstract Low-temperature gas-phase carburization can significantly improve the surface mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel by generating a single-phase ‘‘case’’ with concentrations of interstitially dissolved carbon exceeding the equilib- rium solubility limit by orders of magnitude. Upon prolonged treatment, however, carbides (mostly v, M C ) can precipitate and degrade 5 2 the properties. High-resolution and spatially resolved analytical transmission electron microscopy revealed the precise carbide–austenite orientation relationship, a highly coherent interface, and that precipitation only occurs when (i) the carbon-induced lattice expansion of the austenite has reached a level that substantially reduces volume-misfit stress and (ii) diffusional transport of nickel, chromium, and iron – enhanced by structural defects – can locally reduce the nickel concentration to the solubility limit of nickel in v-carbide. 2006 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Au