(汽车运动与控制)fulltext6.pdf

Chapter 6 ADAPTIVE CRUISE CONTROL INTRODUCTION An adaptive cruise control (ACC) system is an extension of the standard cruise control system. An ACC equipped vehicle has a radar or other sensor that measures the distance to other preceding vehicles (downstream vehicles) on the highway. In the absence of preceding vehicles, the ACC vehicle travels at a user-set speed, much like a vehicle with a standard cruise control system (see Figure 6-1). However, if a preceding vehicle is detected on the highway by the vehicles radar, the ACC system determines whether or not the vehicle can continue to travel safely at the desired speed. If the preceding vehicle is too close or traveling too slowly, then the ACC system switches from speed control to spacing control. In spacing control, the ACC vehicle controls both the throttle and brakes so as to maintain a desired spacing from the preceding vehicle. An ACC system is autonomous - it does not depend on wireless communication or on cooperation from other vehicles on the highway. It only uses on-board sensors such as radar to accomplish the task of maintaining the desired spacing from the preceding vehicle. The first- generation ACC systems were first introduced in Japan (Watanabe, et. al., 1997) and Europe and are now available in the North American market (Fancher, et. al., 1997, Reichart, et. al., 1996 and Woll, 1997). The 2003 Mercedes S-class and E-class passenger sedans come with the option of a radar based Distronic adaptive cruise control system. The 2003 Lexus LS340 comes with an optional laser based adaptive cruise control system. 154 Chapter 6 without precedingvehicle