Grammar 必修2.pptVIP

人教课标 高一 必修 2 Unit 3;The Present Perfect Passive Voice 现在完成时的被动语态;1) 现在完成时(have/has + 过去分词) 现在完成时的动作或情况虽然发生在过去，但它强调的是与现在的关系，用来说明现在的情况。现在完成时不能与表示确定的过去时间的状语连用, 如: yesterday, two weeks ago, in 1978, when I got there 等, 现在完成时常与already, always, often, ever, never, yet, not...yet, just等不表示明确的时间副词连用,;还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带since, for 的状语及包括现在在内的词连用。如: now, today, this month, this year, recently, these few days 等. 不能用在现在完成进行时态的动词，如：be, have, like, love, know, believe, hate等。 一般过去时则是表示过去某时发生的动作或情况, 与现在毫无关系。 ; 一般现在时的被动语态 (am/is/are + 过 去分词） 如: The work is done during two days. 2) 一般过去时的被动语态 (was/were + 过去分词） 如: He was sent to the hospital immediately after the accident.;3) 一般将来时的被动语态 (will/shall + be + 过去分词或 + be going to + be + 过去分词) 如: The work will be finished soon. 4) 现在进行时的被动语态 (is/am/are + being + 过去分词) 如: The bridge is now being constructed.;5) 现在完成时的被动语态 (have/has +been + 过去分词） 如: The radio has been repaired when we phoned the shop. 6) 带情态动词的被动语态 (情态动词 + be + 过去分词) 如: This can be done in a few minutes.;7) 动词不定式的被动式 (to be + 过去分词) 如: It is an honor for me to be asked　 to speak here. ;1. The dirty clothes have been washed. 脏衣服都已经洗了。 2. The plan has been studied by the experts for three times. 这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。;3. The child has been taken care of by Grandma Wang all these years. 这些年来, 这个小孩一直由王奶奶照料。; 它们的构成的区别在最后的动词上, 被动态接的是过去分词形式, 现在完成进行时接的是现在分词形式。;2. 说话时已经完成的动作或出现的结果。 如: The door has been locked. 门已经被锁上了。 3. 动作或状态始于过去, 持续到现在, 并可 能持续下去。如： He has been told about it for many times. 有人告诉他这事很多次了 。（可能还会有人告诉他） ;4. 用在时间和条件状语从句中, 表示将来 某时已完成的动作。如： We’ll start as soon as the work has been finished. 工作一完成我们就立即动身。 ;1. 副词的位置 often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。 如: [误] Such a man has been hardly believed. [正] Such a man has hardly been believed.;2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语