中考专项讲解----定 语 从 句.doc

中考专项讲解--定语从句 1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 2.先行词：定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.词：引导定语从句的词叫词。词关系代词和关系副词 关系代词有: that, which, who, whom, whose 关系副词有: when, where, why I bought a book which was written by Lu Xun. 放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。通常词有下列三个作用： A.引导定语从句 B.代替先行词 C.在定语从句中担当一个成分二I bought a book which / that was written by Lu Xun. The car (which / that) my uncle bought last week is very beautiful. 2. 先行词指物, 在下列情况下只能用that 而不能用which： 1) 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the best film that I have seen.这是我看过的最好的一部电影。 This is the most beautiful mountain that I have seen. 这是我见过的最美的山。 当先行词被序数词所修饰时。 This is the first book that he borrowed from the library. 这是他从图书馆借到的第一本书。 3先行词被the only , the very ( 正是恰是) , the last , the same等修饰时。 This is the only book that I like. 这是我唯一喜欢的一本书。 This is the very book that I am looking for. 这正是我在找的书。 The last place that we visited was the Great Wall. 我们参观的最后的地方是长城。 This is the same watch that I lost yesterday. 这就是我昨天丢的那块表。 4先行词为all, everything , anything , nothing little , much，many , few 等不定代词时。 All that can be done must be done. 凡是能做的都必须做。 Everything that we saw was very interesting. 我们看到的一切事都很有趣。 He doesnt like anything that his father gives him. 他不喜欢他父亲给他的任何东西。 There is nothing that I can do. Much that he said was true. 他说的很多话是对的。 There is little that I can use. 几乎没有什么我能用的了。 5先行词被all , every, no, some , any , little , few , many , much等词修饰时。 I have read all the books that you gave me. You can choose any book that you like. 你可以选你喜欢的任何一本书。 He has few books that are about computers. 关于电脑的书他几乎没有。 6先行词既有人又有物时。 I can remember the people and some pictures that I saw in the room. 我能记得我在房间里看到的人和一些图画。 7当主句以which 开头时为了避免重复，定语从句的引导词用that, 而不用which. Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 哪件T恤衫最合我的身？ ) 引导非限制性定语从句时。 His book, which was lost last week, has been found now. 他的书，上周丢的那本，现在已经找到了。 I like the book, which was bought yesterday. 我喜欢这本书，这是昨天买的。 ) 先行词指物, 若介词放在关系代词前不用 thatThis is the house in which I lived