中考复习专题——名词 2013.12.15向老师.ppt

中考英语复习专题——名词 制作人：向老师 2013.12.15 考点一：可数名词和不可数名词 名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词又有单复数之分。 可数名词的复数形式分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。 可数名词复数形式的规则变化 1.一般情况，在词尾加-s. eg:shop-shops 2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的,加-es. eg:bus-buses 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i加-es. eg:baby-babies family-families 注意：如果是元音字母加y 结尾的，则直接加-s. eg: monkey-monkeys 4.以f或fe结尾的，变f或fe为v加-es. eg:knife-knives shelf-shelves 5.以o结尾的，只有少数的名词加-es(如potato,tomato,hero等）；其余的直接加-s（如kilo,pinao，photo等） 可数名词复数形式的不规则变化 1.通过内部元音变化的方法来构成复数形式 eg: woman-women foot-feet 2.有些名词单复数同形 eg:deer-deer sheep-sheep 3.有些名词只以复数形式出现 eg:clothes, trousers, socks 特别注意： 有些名词看似复数形式，实际上是单数 eg: news maths physics For eg：No news good news Maths difficult for me. 考点二：不可数名词的量化 1.常见的不可数名词 eg: water, rice, meat, adnice,money 2.不可数名词不能用不定冠词a,an或数词直接修饰 3.不可数名词如果要表示“量”的概念，可用much, a little, a lot, some, any, a piece of等表示数量的词或者短语修饰 eg: a drop of water a piece of news 考点三：名词所有格 1.单数名词和不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格一般在词尾加s eg:my fathers shoes 以s结尾的复数名词的所有格只需在词尾加“” eg: students desks 2.如果几个名词并列，并且分别有’s, 则表示分别有 eg: Toms and Marys bikes 3.几个名词并列，只在最后一个名词后加’s,则表示共有 eg:Tom and Marys mother 考点四：名词在具体语境中的运用 有些名词既可表示单数也可表示复数，需要通过具体语境确定单复数 eg: family, public等 For eg: I am so happy because I have a warm family. My families and I are watching TV. 经典例题探究： 1. Our hospital needs two doctors. Really? I want my daughter to have a try. A. woman B. man C. women D.men 2. Miss Li, could you give me on English learning? Certainly. First you should speak English every day. A. any advices B. many advices C. some advice 经典例题探究： 3.I need paper, Mun. I want to write letter to my English teacher. A. a;a B. some; a C.a; some D. some;an 4. Could you please pass me something to eat? What about some