初中英语语法-虚拟语气.ppt

* * 1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。（见课本P 170页）。 2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。 一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 条件从句 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 现在 过去 未来 did / were had done would/could/should/might +V.(原) would/could/should/might+have+p.p. 1. did / were 2. should do 3. were to do would/could/should/ might + V.(原) 1. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick. 2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug. 3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake. 4. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have happened. 与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldn’t go for an outing. 6. I think we could do it, if we planed it properly and could borrow the tools. 7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life. 与未来事实相反 二、虚拟语气特殊句型： wish + 宾语从句 现在： 过去： 未来： 过去时 (did/were) 过去完成时 (had done) would/could/might+V. should I wish I were a bird. (现在) I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. (过去) We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us. (未来) 2. would rather that -- 现在： 过去： 未来： I would rather you paid me now. (现在) I would rather you had gone, too. (过去) Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未来) 过去时 过去时 过去完成时 3. as if /though + 从句 现在： 过去： 过去时 过去完成时 He looks as if he were drunk. They talked as if they had been friends for years. She loves the baby as if it were her own son. It seems as if it were spring. I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday. 4.It’s (about/high) time +that -- should +V. 过去时 你该走了。 我们该睡觉了。 It’s high time that you went. It’s high time that you were going. It’s high time that you should go. It’s time that we went to bed. It’s time that we should go to bed. 5. 表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。 宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持：insist 两个命令：order, command 三个建议：advise, suggest, propose 四个要求：demand , require, request, desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。 我们建议Tom去休息一下。 他坚决要求我到场。 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。 We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest. He insisted that I (should) be present. The kin