Chapter 2 Using Proper Words概要1.ppt

* * * Chapter 2 Using Proper Words by Zhang Quan Types of Words Choice of Words Synonyms Some Good Dictionaries CONTENTS the common words formal and technical words nonstandard words Types of Words Examples same speech learned destroy stiff try piece identical oration erudite annihilate rigid endeavor fragment are used in everyday conversation and in informal writing like personal letters,diaries and stories are used in formal writing like articles, documents, research papers and manuals; and in public speaking. Compare: I saw a ghost, and I was frightend to death. I saw an apparition, and it reduced me to a condition of mortal terror. It is the words in them that make them different in style. It is a good policy to find a common word of similar meaning when we learn a formal or “big” word. Examples of nonstandard words aint (am not, is not, has not) hot (angry; fast) jolly (very) damn (very) deal (agreement) cool (very good) neat (nice) When the trolley came it was full. I stopped on the back platform. “Seats up front,” the conductor said. I looked into the car. There were no seats on the left side. “Im not going far,” I said. “Ill just stand here.”... “Better go up front and get a seat,” the conductor said. “I get off pretty soon,” I said. “A couple of blocks.” I got off before we reached the post office. William Faulkner, The Sound and the Fury Five score years ago, a great American, in whose sybolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as the great beacon light of hope for millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as the joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity. Martin Luther King, 1963 Choice of Words 1. Use common or informal words for general purposes; use formal or nonstandard words only on speci