CHRISTIAN HUCK 翻译概要1.doc

CHRISTIAN HUCK (London) Coming to Our Senses: Narratology and the Visual 1 Introduction Marco Polo is believed to have traveled about 14.000 miles during his lifetime; Ibn Battuta, the great Arab explorer of the middle ages, managed about 75.000. But both were dwarfed by the Englishman James Holman, a retired naval officer, who traveled roughly 250.000 miles in the first half of the 19th century—before the arrival of trains, steam boats and planes. He trekked deep into Siberia, sailed to Brazil, rode through southern Africa, explored unmapped parts of Australia and survived the bandit-infested Balkans. However, the most remarkable thing about all this is that Holman had been blind since th e age of twenty-four—he made all his travels without seeing where he was going: he heard, smelled and felt his way cautiously through the world. “While vision gulps, tactility sips,” his biographer notes, “an object yields up its qualities not all at once, at the speed of light, but successively over time, and in sequence of necessity.” (Roberts 2006: 69) However, despite his obvious achievements, Holman was never taken seriously by his contemporaries, and was soon forgotten. His experiences were deemed invalid for the simple reason that he could not use his visual sense: “ His sightlessness makes genuine insight impos-sible ” (Roberts 2006: xii). The Enlightenment’s epistemological paradigm of the eyewitness did not allow for other sense data to become the basis for new knowledge. 基督教哈克 （伦敦） 唤醒你的知觉：叙事和视觉 1引言 据说在马可·波罗的一生中，他走过约14000里；中世纪伟大的阿拉伯探险家伊本·白图泰，走过约75000里。但他们与一位退休的海军军官英国人詹姆斯·霍尔曼相比，都相形见绌，詹姆斯在19世纪上半页走过的路程达到250000里，在那个时候火车，蒸汽船和飞机都还未出现。他长途跋涉，深入到西伯利亚，航行到巴西，骑马穿过非洲南部，探索了澳大利亚未描绘在地图上的部分，并在土匪横行的巴尔干存活下来。然而，这一切事情中最了不起的是，霍尔曼24岁就失明了，他在他看不见的情况下进行了他所有的旅行：他以他自己的方式谨慎地听着、闻着、感受着这个世界。 “虽然通过视觉收获的信息量大，通过触觉收获的信息量较少，”他的传记作者指出，“一个物体并不是一次快速的就展现了它的品质，而是随着时间的推移依次呈现”（Roberts 2006：69）.然而，尽管他的成就有目共睹，但他从来没有被他的同代人认真对待，并且很快就被遗忘了。他的经验被视为无效，仅仅因为他不能使用他的视觉：“他的看不见埋没了深刻的洞察力”（ Roberts 2006：XII）。启蒙运动时期见证者的认识论范式