Civilisation Americaine 美国历史概要1.doc

Civilisation Americaine Cours LLCE Universite du Havre Civilisation Americaine / American Civilization Prof. Madame AndreolleSemester 4Keywords: 13 colonies; religions; American Revolution 23/01/2013 Beginnings of Colonial America Keywords: Jamestown, Virginia,The New EnglandColonies Reasons for Colonies: European countries developed colonies for manyreasons, but primarily to generate income (economical reason) They used colonies: *to provide raw materials for trade (for mothercountry, woods) *to serve as markets for finished products English colonies eventually became dominant in NorthAmerica because many settlers were drawn to their political system This system encouraged: *representative government *religious toleration *economic growth, and.... *cultural diversity Basic types of colonies (later,impact on politicalsystem) *royal colonies were owned bythe king *proprietary colonnies, such as Pennsylvania Maryland,Delaware were lands grants from the British government individuals were giventracts of lands to supervise and govern, usually in return for political andfinancial favors these colonial governors reported directly to the king. *self-governing commerical colonies, including Rhode Islandand Connecticut formed when the king granted a charter to a joint-stock companyand the company set up its own government. *the king could revoke the colonial charter at anytime and convert a self-governing colony into a royal colony. 3 themes are central to the colonial period ofAmerican history: 1. Propertty owning settlers created a free andcompetitive political system based on representative institutions ofgovernment. 2.The diversity of religious belief gradually trodedsupport for an established church and promoted a new idea of religioustoleration 3.The settlers created and developed an economy basedon communities of independant farm families in New England and the Mid-Atlanticcolonies and plantations owned by wealthy planters and worked by Englishindentured and Afri