clauses and subjunctive mood(教师用)概要1.ppt

Subjunctive Mood 条件从句中的虚拟语气 1）三种基本形态 表虚拟的时间 if从句谓语形式 主句谓语形式 现在 did / were would (should, might, could)+do 过去 had done/been would (should/might/could)+have done 将来 were to/ should+do would (should, might, could)+do If the peasants could farm the land themselves, food production would be much higher. If the hurricane had happened during the daytime, there would have been many deaths. If it were to/should rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. Subjunctive Mood 2）倒装虚拟句，从句省略if，用倒装句式“were, had, should+主语”。 Were I in school again,I would work harder. Should there be a meeting tomorrow,I would come. Had you been here earlier,you would have seen him. 3）混合时间虚拟语气（主要是抓住时间状语） If you had followed the doctors advice,you would be quite all right now. 4）含蓄虚拟句，在某些虚拟语气结构中没有if条件句,虚拟条件是用其它形式表示出来,这种现象在语法上称为含蓄条件句。 ① 通过动词不定式短语表示条件。 You would be a fool to refuse his offer. ② 通过介词短语表达条件。 But for their help, I would not have finished the task. Subjunctive Mood ③ 通过连词otherwise, or, but, that, though, once等表达条件。 She came to town yesterday, otherwise/or I would not have met her. ④ 通过分词短语表达条件。 Given more attention,the trees could have grown better. ⑤ 无词句暗示条件。 It was so quiet,you could have heard a pin drop. 名词从句中的虚拟语气 1）虚拟语气用于主语从句，在主语从句中,谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用“should+动词原形”的结构,表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等。 It is necessary / imperative / important / essential / advisable / better / ordered / proposed / desired / requested / suggested / recommended / demanded / arranged / decided / a pity / a shame / no wonder / etc. that … Subjunctive Mood 2）虚拟语气用于宾语从句 ① “wish+宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为“可惜……”、“……就好了”、“悔不该……”、“但愿……”等。 We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier. ② 表示命令、要求、建议等含义的动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用(should)+动词原形，例如ask, advise, beg, command, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, require, recommend, request, suggest, urge, consent, maintain, move, vote I recommend that you be diligent if you want to pass the exam． 3）虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句 作