critical thinking批判性思维.ppt

WELCOME TO A. Mario Angotti CRITICAL THINKING WHAT IS THE POINT? PREPARING THE GROUND 1- Communication Skills 2- Culture and Tactics 3- Daily Analysis Practice “ Consumers of Thoughts and Ideas” WHAT IS CRITICAL THINKING? The Long Version (Page 3) “ Critical Thinking is the careful application of reason in the determination of whether a claim is true “ CLAIMS ISSUES ARGUMENTS THE BASICS CLAIMS Claims are basic elements in Critical Thinking, they are the things we say, aloud or in writing, to convey information – to express our opinions or beliefs. A Claim is a statement that is either True or False ISSUES The concept of an ISSUE is very simple; an ISSUE is nothing more than a QUESTION – - The QUESTION is simply whether a given CLAIM is true or not ARGUMENTS What Arguments are not Arguments are the single most important ingredients in Critical Thinking We produce an Argument when we give a reason for thinking that a Claim is true Premise: a Claim that is offered as a reason for believing another Claim The Claim or Claims in a Argument that provides the reason for believing the conclusions The Two Parts of an Argument An Argument consists of two parts, one of which (the Premise or Premises) demonstrates or supports the other part (the Conclusion).