EarlyAmericanFuneralUndertaking美国传统丧葬文化.pptVIP

Early American Funeral Undertaking Tradesman Undertakers Colonial period: undertaking combined with cabinetmaking lack of regulation regarding funerals 1799 Baltimore: funeral undertakers appointed as coroners War of 1812: western expansion cabinet-making undertakers added services Readings Question #1 Who was the “furnishing undertaker”? What type of services did he offer? What influence did he have on the funeral service profession? Performers of Personal Service nurse, nurse-governess, midwives nurses also practiced healing arts end of the 18th century: “layers out of the dead” 19th century: women less prominent role in the “business” of undertaking expanded services and wide range of tasks tradesmen, craftsmen, male functionaries Religious Functionaries up until the 19th century: churchyard and church cemetery main mode of “sepulture” role of the clergy was important church sexton extended his mortuary functions (early 19th century) Readings Question #2 Describe the evolution of the sexton to the sexton-undertaker in 19th century America. Municipal Officers “inviter to funerals” Readings Question #3 What were the duties of the “inviter to funerals”? Readings Question #4 Who were the Early American funeral undertakers? What were their duties? Readings Question #5 Why is the first half of the 19th century crucially important in the evolution of the modern funeral director?