掩码配置错误导致OSPF三类LSA重复.docxVIP

网络拓扑如图10.1所示，配置完成后发现从R1到R4和R5所带主机有时通有时不通，网络通信出现故障。??图10.1??BENET网络拓扑图各路由器的配置如下所示：R1配置interface FastEthernet0/0?ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.252!????????interface FastEthernet1/0?ip address 20.0.0.1 255.255.255.252!router ospf 1network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0?network 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0R2配置interface FastEthernet0/0?ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.252!interface FastEthernet1/0?ip address 30.0.0.1 255.255.255.0!router ospf 1network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0?network 30.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 1R3配置interface FastEthernet0/0?ip address 30.0.0.5 255.255.255.0!interface FastEthernet1/0?ip address 20.0.0.2 255.255.255.252!router ospf 1network 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0?network 30.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 2R4配置interface FastEthernet0/0?ip address 30.0.0.2 255.255.255.0!router ospf 1network 30.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 1R5配置interface FastEthernet0/0?ip address 30.0.0.6 255.255.255.0!router ospf 1network 30.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 2在处理OSPF故障时，一般首先查看路由表，通过路由表发现路由异常；然后根据出现异常的路由条目的目的地址，检查所属路由器的配置、邻接关系等排除故障。?由于R1到R4、R5出现通信问题，所以查看R1的路由表，如下所示：?????20.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC???????20.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0?????10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC???????10.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0?????30.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO IA????30.0.0.0 [110/2] via 20.0.0.2, 00:32:40, FastEthernet1/0?????????????????[110/2] via 10.0.0.2, 00:32:40, FastEthernet0/0发现路由表中出现了负载均衡的路由条目，但是在网络规划中没有负载均衡的要求。由于30.0.0.0/24网段出现故障，所以检查配置此网段的路由器。经检查检查配置发现接口地址的子网掩码配置有误，将/30的掩码误配置成/24的掩码导致的网络通信故障。?网络管理员更改配置如下所示：R2配置：interface FastEthernet1/0?ip address 30.0.0.1 255.255.255.252R3配置：interface FastEthernet0/0?ip address 30.0.0.5 255.255.255.252R4配置：interface FastEthernet0/0?ip address 30.0.0.2 255.255.255.252R5配置：interface FastEthernet0/0?ip address 30.0.0.6 255.255.255.252更改配置完成后，再次查看路由表已经恢复正常，网络通信也已正常。?当运行OSPF协议的网络出现故障时，查看LSDB也可以快速有效的判断问题，上述故障案例中也可以通过LSDB发现故障。当OSPF网络出现故障时，可以使用show ip ospf database命令R1查看LSDB，如下：????????????OSPF Router with ID (10.0.0.1) (Process ID 1)???????????????