非谓语动词(给老师).docVIP

英语非谓语动词讲解及练习 I.非谓语动词是指分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）、不定式、动名词等三种形式，即:doing, done, to do, doing当然它们有各自不同的变化形式，如： 现在分词 doing :有being done（被动式）; having done（完成式）; having been done （完成被动式）. 不定式to do : 有to be done（被动式）; to have done （完成式）; to be doing（进行式） 动名词 doing : 有having done（完成式）; being done（被动式） ; 非谓语动词的特点： 三种非谓语动词都具有动词的特征，虽然它们没有人称和数的变化，但是它们都能带自己的状语或有时跟宾语。它们都有各自的特征：分词具有形容词和副词的特征；动名词具有名词的特征；不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。具体来讲：分词在句子中可以做定语、表语、状语或补足语等；动名词在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语, 定语；不定式在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语,补足语和状语。 下面分别对三种非谓语动词进行讲解： 动词不定式 翻译以下例句，判断不定式在句中的成分。 1．To learn a foreign language is difficult .( )______________________________ 2． His wish is to be a driver . ( )______________________________ 3．Tom wanted to have a cup of beer . ( )______________________________ 4．The teacher told us to do morning exercises . ( )______________________________ 5．I have nothing to say . ( )______________________________ 6．They went to see their aunt . ( )______________________________ 7．It’s easy to see their aunt.( )______________________________ 8．I don’t know what to do next .( )______________________________ 9．I heard them make a noise .( )______________________________ 掌握动词不定式应注意的几个问题： 1． “to” 是不定式符号还是介词，下列短语中的to 都是介词。 agree to _______, object to ______,close to ______, lead to_____, refer to ____ , equal to______ , familiar to ______, point to _______ , thank to _______, devote to ______ , next to ______, belong to________ , be used to ______, look forward to _________,stick to_______, adapt to____, pay attention to _________,get down to _________,be similar to _______,. 2． 带to 还是不带to I have no choice but to give in. _________________________________ I cannot do anything but give in. ______________________________ I saw him enter the classroom .___________________________________ （ 但是： He was seen to enter the classroom .） 3． 动词不定式逻辑主语是由for/of引起. It’s necessary for you to study hard . It’s foolish of him to do it . 与of 连用的形容词有:good,kind, nice,w