英语三大从句对比.ppt

英语三大从句对比复习 第一节 从句的基本认识 从句的概念 英语中的从句是指在主句中担任某个句子成分的句子。 从句的分类 一般按其功能分为三大类：名词性从句，形容词性从句，及副词性从句。 主语从句 名词性从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句 形容词性从句---定语从句。是用来修饰名词或代词的句子，具有形容词性。 副词性从句---状语从句。在句中作状语。 从句的基本特点及用法 各种从句的引导词的选择 * 各个从句的共同特点： 1、都有引导词； 2、都有主谓结构； 3、都在主句中担任一个句子成分，不能独立存在。 各种从句在主句中的位置及其作用 1、主语从句+谓语???或It（形式主语）+谓语+主语从句 That he will attend the meeting?is certain. ??It is unknown?who did the work. 2、主语+连系动词+表语从句 The question is?whether he will come here tonight. 3、主语+谓语+宾语从句 ?主语+谓语+间接宾语+宾语从句 ?主语+谓语+it(形式主语)+宾语补足语+宾语从句 ????eg. I only regret?that I have but one life to lose for my country. ????Can you tell me?where Mary lives? ????We think it necessary?that we learn English well. 注：宾语从句还可以在介词、不定式、V-ing ,及少数形容词后当它们的宾语。能带宾语从句的形容词常见有：sure ,glad , sorry ,certain , worried , aware??etc. eg. We all agree with him on?what he said. ????????I haven’t found my book yet; in fact, I am not sure?where I could have done with it. ????I am aware?that you have been exceptionally kind to me. 4、…同位语词news(idea , fact , hope , promise etc)+同位语从句 ?????eg. We heard the news?that our team had won. ?????The fact?that he hadn‘t said anything?surprised everybody. ?????I have no idea?when she will be back. 5.……先行词（名词或代词）+限定性定语从句 或……先行词（名词或代词），+非限定性定语从句 eg. Gone are the days?when Shanghai was a paradise for imperialist adventures. ?????Is this the restaurant?in which you work? ?????My elder sister,?who is twenty,?is now studying in the university. 6.?主句+状语从句???或????状语从句，+主句??????????????注意逗号 ?????eg. Speak to him slowly?so that he may understand you better. ?????????No matter how difficult the work may be,?we must surely complete it. 以上是从五个基本简单句型出发，根据各种从句的特点，通过列式显示各从句在主句中的位置关系。从而可以看出什么样的从句就在主句中担任什么样的句法功能。 这个问题是学生学习从句这一内容的最大障碍，要弄清属于什么从句，除了分清各从句在主句中的位置外，关键在于弄懂各个引导词在从句中的作用。 Conjunctions of Noun Clauses: 连接副词 连接代词 连词 what, who, whom, whose, which, whoever, whatever, whichever that, whether, if as if/as though (表语从句) when, where,