虚拟语气讲解--Jack高考英语.ppt

虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。 1、条件从句与现在事实不一致，其句型为：If 主语＋过去时，主语＋should（could, would, 或might）＋动词原形， If I were you, I would study hard. If it rained, I would not be here now. 2、条件从句与过去事实不一致，句型为：If 主语＋had＋过去分词，主语＋should（could, would, 或might）＋have＋过去分词， If the doctor had come last night, the boy would been have saved. If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term.? 3、条件从句与将来事实不一致，句型为： If主语＋过去式/should/were to＋do，主语＋should（could…）＋ 原形 do，如： If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes. If you missed the film tonight, you would feel sorry.? 混合条件句 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，主句从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这种条件句叫做混合条件句。 If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. 如果你昨天问过他，今天就知道做什么了。 从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反 If it had rained last night（过去）, it would be very cold today （现在）. 如果昨晚下过雨，今天就会很冷了。 3、在条件句中如果出现were, had, should可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装，例如： ?Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have been saved. ?Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes. ?Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. Note：在虚拟语气的从句中，动词be的过去时态一律用were，不用was，即在从句中be用were代替。例如： If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。 If he were here, everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。 名词性从句虚拟语气 在表示命令、建议要求、惊叹时的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气，基本句型：主语＋（should）＋动词原形. Mother insisted that John go to bed at 9 o’clock. We suggested that the meeting should not be held. It was required that the crops should be harvested at once. The suggestion that he be invited was rejected. That is their demand that their wages be increased. Note:在这种句子中不出现“would” “must” “could”等? A.在句型 “It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... ” 中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用： should + 动词原形 我们有必要出去散散步。 It’s necessary that we should have a walk now. 2 她这样做是很自然的。 It’s natural that she should do so. 3 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。 It’s important that we s