高中虚拟语气讲解与练习最终稿 全面,讲解有逻辑.pptVIP

You jump, I jump! 一、语气的定义和种类 语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 种类： (1)陈述语气: 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的。如：We are not ready. /What a fine day it is! (2)祈使语气: 表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。如: Open the door, please。 (3)虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态是不真实的情况，是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。 如: If I were you, I should study English. May you succeed! 二、虚拟语气的表达形式 1) …(should) + do… 2) 时态倒退原则 一般情况下： 与现在相反 与过去相反 与将来相反 三、虚拟语气的用法 (一) 状语从句中的虚拟 1. if…, …虚拟条件句：表示与事实相反的假设与事实 If I had 1 million pounds, I would travel to the space. If Jack and Rose had gone through the shipwreck, they would have lived a happy life. If the sports meeting were to be held this week, we would have a 3-day off. 三注意： (1) 在从句中，与将来相反时，情态动词只用should，且适用于各人称； (2) 主句中，should应与I/we连用，would, could, might可与各人称连用； (3) 与过去相反的主句结构: V情+ have done If it tomorrow,   I at home. 2. 虚拟条件句省略 if 时,从句半倒装，将were/had/should移至句首。(注:无did) If it were not for the expense, I would go to Paris. Were it not for the expense, I would go to Paris. If you had studied harder last term, you could have passed the exam. Had you studied harder last term, you… If it should rain next week, the crops would be saved. Should it rain next week, the crops … 3. 错综时间条件句:主从句描述情况的发生在不同时间,主从句各自虚拟,动词使用的时态也应不同. 3. 错综条件句:主从句描述情况的发生在不同时间,主从句各自虚拟,动词使用的时态也应不同. 如果你昨天去看了医生,你现在就不会发烧了. If you had seen a doctor yesterday, you would not have a fever now. 若不是因为我们打的来，现在就迟到了。 Had we not taken a taxi, we would be late now. 要是我原来英语学得好，现在肯定能听懂老师的话。 If I had learnt English well before, I would understand the teacher now. 如果你现在不努力，将来肯定会后悔。 If you were not studying hard now, you would surely regret in the future. 4. 含蓄条件句 当短语、句意或语境暗示句子需表达非真实情况时，用虚拟语气 (主从句中虚拟方法同虚拟条件句)。 (1) without, but for, but that “要是没有…” Without war in the world, people would live a happier life. But for electricity, there would be no modern industry. But that he had seen it, he wouldnt have believed it. 要不是亲眼见到，他本不会信。 注：without后有时也可用陈述语气。 (2) otherwise/or(