高二授课时用 虚拟语气(全面而实用).ppt

虚拟语气 The subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式(verb structure), 用来表示说话人主观愿望，所说的话不是一个事实 (fact)，而只是一种与事实相反的条件假设(hypotheses )、愿望(wishes)、建议(suggestion) 或怀疑(doubt)等等。 5. 未曾实现的愿望 过去完成时+to do/一般过去时+have done eg. had wanted to do /wanted to have done had intended to do /intended to have done would like to have done 6.用于责备 should have done /ought to have done 本应该…而实际未做 Shouldn’t have done /ought not to have done 本不应该做…而实际做了 could /might have done本可能/本可以…而实际未做 needn’t have done本不必…而实际做了 7. 表示祝愿 M ay sb. +v. Wish sb. +n./ adj. eg. May you be happy. May you succeed. Wish you success/ successful. Long live Chairman Mao. 2 as if / as though 引导的表语从句中的虚拟语气 （1）用were/was或动词的过去式表示与现在事实相反 （2）用had+过去分词表示与过去事实相反 （3）用would/could+动词原形表示与将来事实相反 It seems as if all my friends were angry with me 似乎我所有的朋友都在生我的气 I felt as if I had done something wrong 我感觉自己好像做错了什么 It seems as though the meeting would never end 4,虚拟语气用于状语从句中 1 用于目的状语从句中 引导这类目的状语从句的连词有so that, in order that, in case, for fear that(以免，以防) 等，从句中的谓语动词常用“should/could/might+动词原形” I have bought a boat so that I could go fishing. 我买了一条小船，以便去钓鱼。 Bring some money with you in case you (should)use it. 随身带些钱，以备不时只需。 We started early in order that we could reach the camp in time. 我们老早就出发了，以便按时到达营地。 2 用于as if /as though引导的方式状语从句中 as if / as though（好像，似乎）后的方式状语从句中： 表示与现在事实相反，从句中的谓语动词用过去时， 表示与过去事实想反，从句中的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词” 表示与将来事实相反，从句中的谓语动词常用“would/might+动词原形” The young man speaks as if he were an expert. 那个年轻人说起话来好像是个专家。 The injured man acted as if nothing had happened 从哪位受伤的男子来看，好像什么也没发生一样 It is still a longg way as if we would never reach 仍然有很长的路要走，好像我们永远也走不完。 四、虚拟语气在其它句型中的用法 1,if only...句型 if only 用于虚拟语气表示“若是...那该多好啊; 真希望...; 只要...就好” 与现在事实相反 谓语：一般过去时 与过去事实相反 与将来事实相反 had +过去分词 could + 完成时 would /could/might +动词原形 If only Marx were still by my side to see this with his own eyes. If only she could have lived a little longer. If only she had lived a little longer. 3. If only he had arrived in ti