(沉积岩石学课件）261陆源碎屑岩各论.pdf

陆源碎屑岩各论  陆源碎屑岩按粒度划分  砾岩  砂岩  粉砂岩  粘土岩 学习各类碎屑岩的分类、特 征和成因 碎屑颗粒的结构 （一）粒度 Ø＝－log D 2 砾（2mm，-1） 砂（2~0.05mm，-1~+4） 粉沙（0.05~0.005mm，+4~+8） MUD 泥（粘土）（0.005mm，+8） （二）磨圆度 /wiki/Rudite （三）（形态）球度 （四）表面特征 gravel 2mm mud 1/16 mm Mud (clay is 1/256 1/16 mm mm and silt is sand between 1/16 2mm and 1/256 mm). (Modified from Raymond) from Compton (1962) Conglomerate  composed of rounded clasts which are greater than 2mm in diameter, comprising more than 25% of the rock. The clasts are usually surrounded by a matrix of sand or gravel. ©Earth and Ocean Sciences Sandstone  dominated by sand particles ranging from 1/16 to 2mm.  The compositions of these sand grains are diverse, but quartz, feldspars, and various types of rock fragments are dominant. ©Earth and Ocean Sciences Mudstone  Mud is siliciclastic silt, clay, or mixtures of these materials, composed of particles less than 1/16 mm in diameter.  Mixtures may occur in any proportion, and the relative abundances of these silt and clay constituents as well as the presence or absence of laminations will determine classification of the mudstone. ©Earth and Ocean Sciences 泥（粘土） 0.005mm +8 粘土