药物成瘾与中枢结构重塑3 - 北京大学神经科学研究所.pdfVIP

( ) ( ) 4·16 · 中国药物依赖性杂志 Ch in J D rug D ep end 2006 , 15 6 : 4 16 - 42 1 [综述 ] 药物成瘾与中枢结构重塑 麻耀颖 　崔彩莲 (北京大学神经科学研究所 、基础医学院神经生物学系 、教育部神经科学重点实验室 ,北京 , 100083) 摘要 　药物成瘾是典型的经验依赖性学习记忆过程 ,其引起的某些行为学和心理学改变可持续终身 ,这种持久性 的改变与成瘾性药物引起的相关神经回路的结构重塑密切相关 。本文将简要地回顾并综述吗啡、苯丙胺 、可卡因、 ( ) 尼古丁等诱发的特定脑区 如伏核 ,与激励动机 、奖赏效应等有关 ;前额叶皮层 ,与决策和行为控制力等相关 神经 元树突和树突棘的结构改变 ,导致突触结构重塑 、功能重整 。 关键词 　药物成瘾 ;突触可塑性 ;树突 ;树突棘 D RUG ADD ICT IO N A ND STRUC TURAL PLA ST IC ITY IN CENTRAL NERVO US SY STEM MA Yaoying, CU I Cailian (N eu roscience R esea rch Ins titu te, P ek ing Un ivers ity, B eij ing, 100083) A BSTRACT　D rug addiction is one of typ ical exp erience - dep enden t p roce sse s of learn ing and m emory. Persisten t change s in behavior and p sycho logical function that occu r a s a function of exp erience are though t to be due to the reorgan ization of synap tic connection s in relevan t b rain area s. In th is review , we summ arize evidence that expo su re to morp h ine, amp hetam ine, cocaine, or n icotine p roduce s p ersisten t change s in the structu re of dendrite s and dendritic sp ine s on neu ron s in the b rain region s invo lved in incen tive motivation and reward ( such a s the nucleu s accum ben s) , and judgm en t and the ( ) con tro l of behavior such a s the p refron tal cortex . It is sugge sted that expo su re to the drugs of abu se re su lts in synap tic p la sticity in the se neu ral circu its an