第一编第三章国际法原则.ppt

* 提要 国际法的基本原则在整个国际法律体系中具有特殊的地位和作用。国际法基本原则最集中体现了国际法追求的核心价值，是判断国际法权利、义务和责任“合法性”的最高标准。明确国际法基本原则的内容和确保国际法基本原则的遵守和适用是国际社会建立和发展国际法治的重要任务，也是本章研究的重点。《联合国宪章》所确立的国际法基本原则和中国倡导的和平共处五项原则构成国际法基本原则体系的核心。 第一节 概 述 第二节 联合国宪章原则 第三节 和平共处五项原则 一、国际法基本原则的含义和特征 国际法基本原则是指，国际社会公认、具有普遍意义、适用于国际法各个领域并构成国际法基础的法律原则。 作为国际法的基本原则，一般应具有以下特点： 1.国际社会公认。 2.具有普遍意义。 3.适用于国际法各个领域。 4.构成国际法整个体系的法律基础。 1945年《联合国宪章》七原则 Section 2 The UN Charter Principles 联合国宪章原则 Charter of the United Nations 《1970年原则宣言》七项国际法基本原则 一、各国主权平等原则 1. The Principle of sovereign Equality of States All States enjoy sovereign equality. They have equal rights and duties and are equal members of the international community, notwithstanding differences of an economic, social, political or other nature. In particular, sovereign equality includes the following elements: (a) States are juridically equal; (b)Each State enjoys the rights inherent in full sovereignty; (c) Each State has the duty to respect the personality of other States; (d)The territorial integrity and political independence of the State are inviolable; (e)Each State has the right freely to choose and develop its political, social, economic and cultural systems; (f) Each State has the duty to comply fully and in good faith with its international obligations and to live in peace with other States. 二、各民族平等及自决原则 the Principle of Equal Rights and Self-determination of Peoples 三、禁止非法使用武力原则the principle that States shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State, Or in any other manner inconsistent with the purposes of the united nations. 二、各民族平等及自决原则 the Principle of Equal Rights and Self-determination of Peoples 三、禁止非法使用武力原则the principle that States shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State,