3血液 生理（国外英文资料）.docVIP

3血液 生理 The third chapter blood I. Basic requirements Mastering: 1.. Physiological hemostatic function; 2. hematocrit; 3. coagulation, anticoagulation and fibrinolysis, coagulation factors; 4. platelet hemostatic function, platelet adhesion and aggregation; Familiar with: 1., blood and internal environment, steady state, blood volume, blood composition and characteristics, the proportion of blood; The suspension stability of 2. red blood cells, blood viscosity, plasma osmotic pressure; To understand: 1. the normal value and function of red blood cell, white blood cell and platelet; 2. blood group and transfusion principle. Two. Basic concepts The hematocrit (hematocrit), crystal osmotic pressure (crystal osmotic pressure), colloid osmotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure), isotonic solution (isotonic solution), red blood cell suspension stability (suspension stability), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (erythrocyte sedimentation, rate, ESR), rouleaux (rouleaux, formation) plastic deformation of (plastic, deformation) (osmotic fragility), osmotic fragility of chemotaxis (chemotaxis), hemostasis and blood coagulation (hemostasis) (blood coagulation), serum (serum) Three. Key and difficult tips Section 1 blood composition and physical and chemical characteristics 1. composition of blood Blood volume is 7% to 8% of body weight, consisting of blood cells and plasma. Blood cells include red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Blood plasma is composed of inorganic salts, proteins and water. The percentage of the percentage of blood cells in the whole blood is called hematocrit (hematocrit), and 99% of the blood cells are red cells, so they are often called hematocrit. The adult males ranged from 40% to 50%, the adult females ranged from 37% to 48%, and the newborn was about 55%. But there are slight differences in hematocrit values in all types of blood vessels. 2. plasma osmolality Plasma osmotic pressure is mainly plasma crystal osmotic pressure (770 kPa, accoun