呼吸系统放射学诊断刘辉 1概要1.ppt

Radiology Diagnosis of Respiratory System 刘 辉 Department of Radiology, the second Xiangya hospital The X-ray examination is applied very commonly nature contrast is the best in body Contains of the chapter： The X-ray examination methods Normal chest view The basic X-ray features X-ray demonstrations in common diseases 胸部透视（Chest fluoroscopy） 胸部摄影（chest film） CT（computed tomography） MRI（magnetic resonance imaging） DSA(digital substration angiography) X-ray examination methods—Chest fluoroscopy  X-ray examination methods——Chest film 常用体位：common views 后前位postero—anterior position 侧位lateral position 特殊体位; special views 前弓位apical position 侧位：lateral view Key points：患侧靠胶片; 用于全面观察病变形态与病变定位  体层摄影 Tomography 高千伏摄影 High-Kilovoltage Radiography 造影检查 contrast examination 造影检查contrast examination 支气管造影Bronchography To definite a diagnosis of bronchiectasis (high resolution CT ) Pulmonary Angiography demonstration of pulmonary emboli demonstration of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations CT scan methods Unenhanced CT scan Enhanced CT scan HRCT (high resolution ) Helices CT or spiral CT scan CT（computed tomography） 密度分辨率高high Density resolution ，量化measured ，以CT值体现Hounsfield Unit （Hu） 空间分辨率Spatial resolution :无前后结构重叠avoiding overlapping structures,可三维重建 provided three-dimension evaluation CT（computed tomography） CT can find small lesions just 0.3-0.5cm in diameter show the lesions detail optimal病变的细节 CT（computed tomography） 纵隔肿瘤的定位和定性 determining tumor location and the nature With enhanced scan , CT can display the relationship of tumor and great vessels Distinguish vessels, lymph nodes and mass MRI（magnetic resonance） 主要对纵隔肿瘤的定位和定性(tumor location and the nature)较好 对与心脏大血管的关系显示好 (the relationship of the tumor and great vessels) 胸壁软组织 正常乳房和乳头影 气管trachea 起自环状软骨 长11-13cm宽1.5-2cm 胸5-6平面分叉 分叉下壁形成气管隆突 分叉角60-85度 支气