英语词典第七讲.pptVIP

English Dictionary Major contents Development of English dictionary Types of English dictionary Contents of English dictionary What is a dictionary The word “dictionary” for English-speaking people is a book which presents in alphabetic order the words of the English language, with information as to its spelling, pronunciation, meaning and its etymology (James Root Hulbert) Development of English dictionaries The origins of the English dictionary The first English dictionaries Modern English dictionaries The origins of the English dictionary According to James Root Hulbert, English dictionary-making began in Anglo-Saxon times. The first dictionaries in England were printed in Latin. The first English dictionaries In the 17th century, with printing well established, the first real English dictionaries of importance appeared. They defined English words in terms of other English words, and in this respect resembled today’s dictionary. They were different in other respects. For one thing, they defined only what the english called “hard words”. First English dictionaries published: Robert Caswdrey’s Table Alphabetical of Hard Words (1604) John Bollokar’s An English Expositor (1616) Henry Cockeram’s The English Dictionary (1623) Modern English dictionary Bailey’s Dictionary An universal Etymological English Dictionary (1721) Emphasis on the origins of words Contained 40,000 words Model for many to come later Problems in definitions, e.g.: Cow: a beast well-known Dog: a quadruped, well-known Modern English dictionary Samuel Johnson He lived in the 18th C., an age of dictionaries and the encyclopedic and lexicographical tendencies of the time received their fullest expression in the Dictionary of Samuel Johnson. Samuel Johnson (often referred to as Dr. Johnson) (18 September 1709 [O.S. 7 September] – 13 December 1784) was an English author. Beginning as a Grub Street journalist, he made lasting contributions to English literature as a poet, essayist, moralist, nove