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Daniel Defoe (1660-1731) Introduction to Daniel Defoe English novelist, journalist, author of Robinson Crusoe (1719), a story of a man shipwrecked alone on an island. He was born in a butchers family (wealthy but low social status). Defoe is considered the founder of the English novel. Before his time stories were usually written as long poems or dramas. He studied at Charles Mortons Academy, London. Although his Nonconformist father intended him for the ministry, Defoe plunged into politics and trade, travelling extensively in Europe. In 1702 Defoe wrote his famous pamphlet The Shortest-Way w