国立中山大学生物科学系100学年上学期博士班资格考试（.PDFVIP

國立中山大學生物科學系 100 學年上學期 博士班資格考試(筆試) 科目：微生物免疫學 ※請自行就選擇題及問答題進行配分答題，兩部份總核計分數為100 分。 選擇題（每題 4 分，每題選出一個最正確的選項） ※請在答案卷首頁勾選答題數，超過自選答題數，以答錯題扣分計。 1)Place the steps of the Gram stain in the correct order: 1-Alcohol-acetone; 2-Crystal violet; 3-Safranin; 4-Iodine. A)2-1-4-3 B)1-3-2-4 C)1-2-3-4 D)2-4-1-3 E)4-3-2-1 2)Which microscope is used to observe a specimen that emits light when illuminated with an ultraviolet light? A)Darkfield microscope B)Electron microscope C)Fluorescence microscope D)Phase-contrast microscope E)Compound light microscope 3)Which of the following structures is NOT found in prokaryotic cells? A)Cilium B)Flagellum C)Axial filament D)Pilus E)Peritrichous flagella 4)Which of the following is NOT a chemical component of a bacterial cell wall? A)N-acetylmuramic acid B)Peptidoglycan C)Teichoic acids D)Peptide chains E)Cellulose 5)What will happen if a bacterial cell is placed in distilled water with lysozyme? A)No change will result; the solution is isotonic. B)The cell will plasmolyze. C)Lysozyme will diffuse into the cell. D)Water will leave the cell. E)The cell will undergo osmotic lysis. 6)Cyanobacteria are a type of A)Photoautotroph. B) Chemoheterotroph. C)Chemoautotroph. D) Photoheterotroph. 7)Salts and sugars work to preserve foods by creating a A)Hypotonic environment. B)Lower pH. C)Lower osmotic pressure. D)Depletion of nutrients. E)Hypertonic environment. 8)The term facultative anaerobe refers to an organism that A)Requires less oxygen than is present in air. B)Doesnt use oxygen but tolerates it. C)Is killed by oxygen. D)Uses oxygen or grows without oxygen. E)Prefers to grow wi