稀土改性非tio2光催化剂的研究进展 - 有色金属科学与工程.doc

稀土非TiO2光催化剂的改性研究 陈建钗，薛霜霜，余长林* (江西理工大学冶金与化学工程学院，江西 赣州，341000) 摘要：改性非TiO2光催化剂归纳改性锌基、铋基光催化剂非TiO2光催化剂对稀土。 稀土；非TiO2光催化剂；锌基；铋基；含稀土化合物; Application of rare earth elements in non-TiO2 based photocatalysts CHEN Jianchai, XUE Shuangshuang, YU Changlin * (School of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000, China) Abstract： much progress has been obtained in enhancing the photocatalytic performance of non-TiO2 with rare earth elements doping. Zinc-based, bismuth-based photocatalysts modified with rare earth elements by single-element doping or co-doping, oxide composite, upconversion photocatalysis and rare earth solid solution were analyzed and summarized in detail. Tungsten-based and other-based photoccatalysts modified with rare earth elements, and novel rare earth photocatalysts were brief introduced. It is found that rare earth elements modifications can affect lattice structure and band gap, broaden the scope of spectral response and in prove the quantum efficiency, which is an effective way to increase the activity of photocatalysis. Finally, the application prospect of rare earth elements in photocatalysis was analyzed. Key words：Rare earth; non-TiO2; Zinc-ased; Bismuth-based; RE compound photocatalysts 0 引言 半导体光催化技术在环境治理和光解水制氢方面的应用和研究引起了广泛关注。稀土元素具有丰富的能级，特殊的电子结构和光学性质[]。稀土离子稀土离子不仅能够捕获电子而且提供光生电子转移轨道，有利于抑制光生电子-空穴的复合提高光的利用率光催化活性。由于稀土元素具有的理化性质，科研工作者在利用稀土来改性TiO2光催化剂做了大量的工作，如稀土复合氧化物[]，单一稀土离子掺杂[]，双稀土元素掺杂[]及稀土元素和其他元素共掺[10]等稀土元素的引入拓宽了TiO2光谱响应范围，提高了量子效率，从而提高了TiO2光催化活性。 稀土TiO2光催化剂的基础上，人们把目光投向其它众多的稀土本文稀土改性锌基、铋基新型稀土化合物等光催化剂 1 稀土改性锌基光催化剂 1.1 单稀土掺ZnO 由于稀土离子半径大于锌离子半径，由于电荷补偿作用和体积补偿效应，稀土离子ZnO过程中，稀土离子进入ZnO晶格，引起ZnO晶格膨胀。晶体的不规则有利于光催化活性的提高。王智宇[11]制备的 La3+掺杂的纳米ZnO粉体。La3+进入ZnO基质中，ZnO晶型畸变，能隙变宽，氧化还原能力增强。Anandan等 [12]等采用共沉淀法制备了La掺杂ZnO和吴建锋[13] 制备的La3+掺杂纳ZnO也发现了ZnO晶格膨胀现象，ZnO粒子的光催化活性显著提高。周银[14]等采用溶胶凝胶法制备了Nd3+掺杂纳米ZnONd3+离子均匀地进入ZnO晶格，Nd3+离子ZnO的晶胞参数a和c值均变小。当ZnO基质中引入Gd3+离子后[15]，在ZnO晶格中很多晶体缺陷，如晶格错位断层更多的氧空穴等。Khataee[16]采用声化学制备Dy掺杂ZnO，掺入的Dy3+代替ZnO中的