英语翻译_考点_打印版的知识.doc

1. Japanese society 日本社会结构 ------E-C week 2 1 2. Academic freedom 学术自由 E-C week 3 1 3. a new type of Internet connection新的网络连接形式week3 2 4. the glass as half full 半杯水的杯子 2 5. competitive sports 体育运动竞争性 3 6. mistake failure失误失败 3 7. Third-hand smoke三手烟 3 8. 了解过去 / 一个中国的原则 / 半张着口坐在前排 / 每晚必通电话 4 9. 保护野生生物 4 10. 大量计算的任务 4 11. 发明创新的黄金时期 5 12. 中国市场 5 13. 对事物的驾驭能力 5 14. 电视 5 Japanese society 日本社会结构 ------E-C week 2 One of the things we have to understand about Japanese society is its gender structure, a structure similar to what the United States had in the 1950s. Women do all the domestic{ [d??m?st?k] 家庭的} labor{[?leb?] 劳动}. Men are in the factories and shops and they’re working long hours, but they don’t do much work when they come home. They don’t take care of children, they don’t do housework, cooking, etc. In the US, there are both men and women in the work force and both men and women at home. Japanese workers may work longer in the marketplace, but you have to calculate the total amount of work that people do to figure out how hard people are working and how much leisure{[?li:??r] 空闲的休闲的} time they have. 我们必须了解日本社会的一点，就是它的性别分工/结构，这种分工类似于美国二十世纪五十年代的性别分工。妇女包揽全部家务劳动，男人在工厂或商店上班，他们工作时间很长，但是回到家里就不干什么活儿。他们不看孩子、不做家务、也不做饭，等等。然而，如今在美国，男女都参加工作，也都从事家务劳动。日本工人可能在工作单位劳动时间较长，但我们在计算人们的劳动强度和闲暇时间的多少时，必须把全部劳动都算在内。 Academic freedom 学术自由 E-C week 3 Academic{学术的} freedom includes the liberty{[?l?b?rti] 自由} of individuals to express freely opinions{opinion [??p?nj?n] 意见} about the institution{[??nst??tu:?n] 机构} or system in which they work, to fulfill their functions without discrimination{} or fear of repression{约束,压制} by the State or any other actor, to participate{[pɑ:r?t?s?pe?t] 参加某事；分享某事} in professional or representative academic bodies, and to enjoy all the internationally recognized human rights applicable to other individuals in the same jurisdiction. The enjoyment of academic freedom carries with it obligations, such as the duty to respect the academic freedom of others, to en