电子系统设计与仿真-第2节-集成电路1-2014.ppt

电子系统设计与仿真第2节-集成电路技术 Department of Computer Engineering Kasetsart University 1、Why build integrated Circuit? IC Technology driving the whole innovative（革新） devices and systems which effected the way we live. ICs are much smaller. consume less power than discrete component. easier to design and manufacture. more reliable than discrete system. can design more complex system. The advantageous of digital ICs over the discrete components (1/2) Size much smaller both transistor and wires. leads to smaller parasitic resistances, capacitances and inductances Speed communication within the chips are much faster than between a chips on PCB. High speed of circuits on-chip due to smaller size. The advantageous of digital ICs over the discrete components (2/2) Power Consumption Logic operation within the chip consumes much less power. smaller size - smaller parasitic capacitances and resistance - require less power to drive the circuit. 2、集成电路的分类 Full-custom ASICs (1/3) Engineers design some or all of the logic cells, circuits, or layout specifically for one ASIC Full-custom ICs are the most expensive to manufacture and to design Manufacturing lead time (the time it takes just to make an IC – not including design time) is typically 8 weeks Full-custom ASICs (2/3) When does it make sense?（何时做此事比较有意义） there are no suitable existing cell libraries available existing logic cells are not fast enough logic cells are not small enough logic cells consume too much power ASIC is so specialized that some circuits must be custom designed Trends: fewer and fewer full-custom ICs are being designed (excluding mixed analog/digital ASICs) Full Custom Design (3/3) Standard-Cell-Based ASICs (1/4) Cell-Based ASIC (CBIC) uses predesigned cells (AND, OR gates, multiplexers, flip-flops, ...) Standard-cell areas are built of rows of standard cells Standard-cell areas can be used in combination with larger predesigned cells (microcontrollers, or even microprocessors), known as megacells Standard